Yes-associated protein in the liver: Regulation of hepatic development, repair, cell fate determination and tumorigenesis

The liver is a vital organ that plays a major role in many bodily functions from protein production and blood clotting to cholesterol, glucose and iron metabolism and nutrition storage. Maintenance of liver homeostasis is critical for these essential bodily functions and disruption of liver homeostasis causes various kinds of liver diseases, some of which have high mortality rate. Recent research advances of the Hippo signalling pathway have revealed its nuclear effector, Yes-associated protein, as an important regulator of liver development, repair, cell fate determination and tumorigenesis. Therefore, a precise control of Yes-associated protein activity is critical for the maintenance of liver homeostasis. This review is going to summarize the discoveries on how the manipulation of Yes-associated protein activity affects liver homeostasis and induces liver diseases and the regulatory mechanisms that determine the Yes-associated protein activity in the liver. Finally, we will discuss the potential of targeting Yes-associated protein as therapeutic strategies in liver diseases.