Abstract
Background: Working memory studies in schizophrenia (SZ), using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and univariate analyses, have led to observations of hypo- or hyperactivation of discrete cortical regions and subsequent interpretations (e.g. neural inefficiencies). We employed a data-driven, multivariate analysis to identify the patterns of brain-behavior relationships in SZ during working memory. Methods: fMRI scans were collected from 13 SZ and 18 healthy control (HC) participants performing a modified Sternberg item recognition paradigm with three memory loads. We applied partial least squares analysis (PLS) to assess brain activation during the task both alone and with behavioral measures (accuracy and response time, RT) as covariates. Results: While the HC primary pattern was not affected by increasing load demands, SZ participants showed an exaggerated change in the Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) signal from the low to moderate memory load conditions and subsequent decrease in the greatest memory load, in frontal, motor, parietal and subcortical areas. With behavioral covariates, the separate groups identified distinct brain-behavior relationships and circuits. Increased activation of the middle temporal gyrus was associated with greater accuracy and faster RT only in SZ. Conclusions: The inverted U-shaped curves in the SZ BOLD signal in the same areas that show flat activation in the HC data indicate widespread neural inefficiency in working memory in SZ. While both groups performed the task with similar levels of accuracy, participants with schizophrenia show a compensatory network of different sub-regions of the prefrontal cortex, parietal lobule, and the temporal gyri in this working memory task.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 42-51 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Journal | Schizophrenia Research |
| Volume | 117 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Mar 2010 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Fingerprint
Keywords
- Functional magnetic resonance imaging
- Multivariate analysis
- Neurocircuitry
- Partial least squares
- Schizophrenia
- Working memory
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Psychiatry and Mental health
- Biological Psychiatry
Cite this
Working memory circuitry in schizophrenia shows widespread cortical inefficiency and compensation. / Kim, Miyoung A.; Tura, Emanuela; Potkin, Steven G.; Fallon, James H.; Manoach, Dara S.; Calhoun, Vince Daniel; Turner, Jessica A.
In: Schizophrenia Research, Vol. 117, No. 1, 03.2010, p. 42-51.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Working memory circuitry in schizophrenia shows widespread cortical inefficiency and compensation
AU - Kim, Miyoung A.
AU - Tura, Emanuela
AU - Potkin, Steven G.
AU - Fallon, James H.
AU - Manoach, Dara S.
AU - Calhoun, Vince Daniel
AU - Turner, Jessica A.
PY - 2010/3
Y1 - 2010/3
N2 - Background: Working memory studies in schizophrenia (SZ), using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and univariate analyses, have led to observations of hypo- or hyperactivation of discrete cortical regions and subsequent interpretations (e.g. neural inefficiencies). We employed a data-driven, multivariate analysis to identify the patterns of brain-behavior relationships in SZ during working memory. Methods: fMRI scans were collected from 13 SZ and 18 healthy control (HC) participants performing a modified Sternberg item recognition paradigm with three memory loads. We applied partial least squares analysis (PLS) to assess brain activation during the task both alone and with behavioral measures (accuracy and response time, RT) as covariates. Results: While the HC primary pattern was not affected by increasing load demands, SZ participants showed an exaggerated change in the Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) signal from the low to moderate memory load conditions and subsequent decrease in the greatest memory load, in frontal, motor, parietal and subcortical areas. With behavioral covariates, the separate groups identified distinct brain-behavior relationships and circuits. Increased activation of the middle temporal gyrus was associated with greater accuracy and faster RT only in SZ. Conclusions: The inverted U-shaped curves in the SZ BOLD signal in the same areas that show flat activation in the HC data indicate widespread neural inefficiency in working memory in SZ. While both groups performed the task with similar levels of accuracy, participants with schizophrenia show a compensatory network of different sub-regions of the prefrontal cortex, parietal lobule, and the temporal gyri in this working memory task.
AB - Background: Working memory studies in schizophrenia (SZ), using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and univariate analyses, have led to observations of hypo- or hyperactivation of discrete cortical regions and subsequent interpretations (e.g. neural inefficiencies). We employed a data-driven, multivariate analysis to identify the patterns of brain-behavior relationships in SZ during working memory. Methods: fMRI scans were collected from 13 SZ and 18 healthy control (HC) participants performing a modified Sternberg item recognition paradigm with three memory loads. We applied partial least squares analysis (PLS) to assess brain activation during the task both alone and with behavioral measures (accuracy and response time, RT) as covariates. Results: While the HC primary pattern was not affected by increasing load demands, SZ participants showed an exaggerated change in the Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) signal from the low to moderate memory load conditions and subsequent decrease in the greatest memory load, in frontal, motor, parietal and subcortical areas. With behavioral covariates, the separate groups identified distinct brain-behavior relationships and circuits. Increased activation of the middle temporal gyrus was associated with greater accuracy and faster RT only in SZ. Conclusions: The inverted U-shaped curves in the SZ BOLD signal in the same areas that show flat activation in the HC data indicate widespread neural inefficiency in working memory in SZ. While both groups performed the task with similar levels of accuracy, participants with schizophrenia show a compensatory network of different sub-regions of the prefrontal cortex, parietal lobule, and the temporal gyri in this working memory task.
KW - Functional magnetic resonance imaging
KW - Multivariate analysis
KW - Neurocircuitry
KW - Partial least squares
KW - Schizophrenia
KW - Working memory
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=75949098490&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=75949098490&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.schres.2009.12.014
DO - 10.1016/j.schres.2009.12.014
M3 - Article
C2 - 20096539
AN - SCOPUS:75949098490
VL - 117
SP - 42
EP - 51
JO - Schizophrenia Research
JF - Schizophrenia Research
SN - 0920-9964
IS - 1
ER -