TY - JOUR
T1 - West nile virus
AU - Rossi, Shannan L.
AU - Ross, Ted M.
AU - Evans, Jared D.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by T32 Grant #AI060525-04 from the National Institute of Heath (SR), W81XWH-BAA-06-1 and W81XWH-BAA-06-2 (TMR), and CVR Funds and Fine Foundation (JE).
PY - 2010/3
Y1 - 2010/3
N2 - West Nile virus (WNV) is responsible for thousands of cases of morbidity and mortality in birds, horses, and humans. Epidemics were localized to Europe, Africa, the Middle East, and parts of Asia, and primarily caused a mild febrile illness in humans. In the late 1990s, the virus became more virulent and spread to North America. In humans, the clinical presentation ranges from asymptomatic, seen frequently, to encephalitis/paralysis and death, seen rarely. There is no FDA (Food and Drug Administration)-licensed vaccine for human use, and the only recommended treatment is supportive care. Often, there is a long recovery period. This article reviews the current literature summarizing the molecular virology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, immunology, and protective measures against WNV and WNV infections in humans.
AB - West Nile virus (WNV) is responsible for thousands of cases of morbidity and mortality in birds, horses, and humans. Epidemics were localized to Europe, Africa, the Middle East, and parts of Asia, and primarily caused a mild febrile illness in humans. In the late 1990s, the virus became more virulent and spread to North America. In humans, the clinical presentation ranges from asymptomatic, seen frequently, to encephalitis/paralysis and death, seen rarely. There is no FDA (Food and Drug Administration)-licensed vaccine for human use, and the only recommended treatment is supportive care. Often, there is a long recovery period. This article reviews the current literature summarizing the molecular virology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, immunology, and protective measures against WNV and WNV infections in humans.
KW - Diagnosis
KW - Flavivirus
KW - Infection
KW - Pathogenesis
KW - West Nile virus
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77953350230&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=77953350230&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.cll.2009.10.006
DO - 10.1016/j.cll.2009.10.006
M3 - Review article
C2 - 20513541
AN - SCOPUS:77953350230
SN - 0272-2712
VL - 30
SP - 47
EP - 65
JO - Clinics in laboratory medicine
JF - Clinics in laboratory medicine
IS - 1
ER -