@article{f01937aefb674f03ae791ee4d63b1629,
title = "Warfarin vs aspirin for symptomatic intracranial stenosis: Subgroup analyses from WASID",
abstract = "The WASID trial showed no advantage of warfarin over aspirin for preventing the primary endpoint of ischemic stroke, brain hemorrhage, or vascular death. In analyses of selected subgroups, there was no definite benefit from warfarin. Warfarin reduced the risk of the primary endpoint among patients with basilar artery stenosis, but there was no reduction in stroke in the basilar artery territory or benefit for vertebral artery stenosis or posterior circulation disease in general.",
author = "Kasner, {S. E.} and Lynn, {M. J.} and Chimowitz, {M. I.} and Frankel, {M. R.} and H. Howlett-Smith and Hertzberg, {V. S.} and S. Chaturvedi and Levine, {S. R.} and Stern, {B. J.} and Benesch, {C. G.} and Jovin, {T. G.} and Sila, {C. A.} and Romano, {J. G.}",
note = "Funding Information: Funded by a research grant (1R01 NS36643, Principal Investigator: M.I. Chimowitz) from the U.S. Public Health Service, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. In addition, the following general clinical research centers, funded by the NIH, provided local support for the evaluation of patients in the trial: Emory University (M01 RR00039), Case Western University, MetroHealth Medical Center (5M01 RR00080), San Francisco General Hospital (M01 RR00083-42), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (M01 RR000052), Indiana University School of Medicine (5M01 RR000750-32), Cedars-Sinai Hospital (M01 RR00425), and the University of Maryland (M01 RR165001). Funding Information: Dr. Kasner reports having received grant support from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and Boehringer-Ingelheim; consulting fees from Boehringer-Ingelheim and the Sankyo/Lilly Partnership; and lecture fees from Boehringer-Ingelheim and Bristol-Myers Squibb; all corporate affiliations are with companies that make antithrombotic agents not evaluated in this study. Dr. Chimowitz is the recipient of research grants (R01 NS36643 and R01 NS051688) from the U.S. Public Health Service National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke to fund this trial. He is also supported by grant 1 K24 NS050307 from the NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. He reports being paid fees by the Bristol-Myers Squibb/Sanofi Pharmaceuticals Partnership, AstraZeneca, and the Sankyo/Lilly Partnership for consulting on antithrombotic agents that were not evaluated in this trial and from Guidant Corporation and Cine-Med for consulting on medical devices not evaluated in this trial. Mr. Lynn reports receiving grant support from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and the National Eye Institute (grant U10EY013287). Dr. Stern reports receiving grant support from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and has been paid fees by the Bristol-Myers Squibb/Sanofi Pharmaceuticals Partnership. Dr. Hertzberg reports receiving grant support from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Dr. Frankel reports receiving grant support from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and has been paid lecture fees by Boehringer-Ingelheim and Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, makers of antithrombotic agents not evaluated in this trial. Dr. Levine reports receiving grant support from National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (grant K24NS43392), Ono Pharmaceuticals, and the Gaisman Frontiers of Biomedical Research. He also has received fees from AstraZeneca and lecture fees from Boehringer-Ingelheim and Inspire for consulting on issues unrelated to this study. Dr. Chaturvedi reports receiving grant support from Boehringer-Ingelheim and has been paid lecture fees by Bristol-Myers Squibb, Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, and Boehringer-Ingelheim. Dr. Sila reports receiving grant support from National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke for participating in various multicenter stroke trials and has been paid lecture fees by Bristol-Myers Squibb. Dr. Romano reports receiving grant support from the American Heart Association and has been paid lecture fees by Bristol-Myers Squibb and Boehringer-Ingelheim. Harriet Howlett-Smith and Dr. Jovin report no independent grant support or consulting or lecture fees. Bristol-Myers-Squibb (after incorporating DuPont Pharma) supplied the warfarin (Coumadin) and placebo warfarin tablets, and Bayer supplied the aspirin and placebo aspirin tablets for the trial. Neither of these companies supplied direct funding for the trial. Copyright: Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",
year = "2006",
month = oct,
doi = "10.1212/01.wnl.0000238506.76873.2f",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "67",
pages = "1275--1278",
journal = "Neurology",
issn = "0028-3878",
publisher = "Lippincott Williams and Wilkins",
number = "7",
}