TY - JOUR
T1 - Very Long-Term Outcomes in Children Admitted in a Disorder of Consciousness After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
AU - Rodgin, Sandra
AU - Suskauer, Stacy J.
AU - Chen, Julia
AU - Katz, Elana
AU - Davis, Kimberly C.
AU - Slomine, Beth S.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine
PY - 2021/8
Y1 - 2021/8
N2 - Objectives: To investigate functional outcomes and state of consciousness at 1 year and ≥2 years postinjury in children who sustained a traumatic brain injury and were in a disorder of consciousness (DOC), either vegetative state (VS) or minimally conscious state (MCS), upon admission to inpatient rehabilitation. Design: Retrospective chart review. Setting: Pediatric inpatient rehabilitation unit. Participants: Children aged 2-18 years (N=37) who were admitted to inpatient rehabilitation with admission scores <30 on the Cognitive and Linguistic Scale (CALS). Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures: Glasgow Outcome Scale- Extended, Pediatric Revision (GOS-E Peds), and state of consciousness based on previously established guidelines. Results: At admission, 16 children were in VS (43.2%) and 21 (56.8%) were in MCS. Children admitted in VS had a significantly longer time from injury to inpatient rehabilitation admission, lower CALS admission scores, were more likely to be in a DOC ≥28 days, and had greater disability at both follow-up time points. At the 1-year follow-up, 3 patients were in VS, 7 were in MCS, and 27 had emerged from MCS. By the time of the most recent follow-up (≥2y), 2 more patients had emerged from MCS. Across the cohort, GOS-E Peds scores at 1 year ranged from VS (GOS-E Peds, 7) to upper moderate disability (GOS-E Peds, 3). Most patients were functioning in the lower severe disability category (GOS-E Peds, 6) at 1 year (43.2%) and at the time of the most recent follow-up (43.2%). Twenty-seven patients (73.0%) showed stable GOS-E Peds scores between the 2 time points, 6 (16.2%) improved, and 4 (10.8%) were deceased. Conclusions: Although a majority of patients emerged from a DOC by 1 year postinjury, most continued to demonstrate notable functional impairment at the 1-year follow-up that persisted to the most recent follow-up. A small subset demonstrated important improvements between 1 year and the most recent follow-up (2 patients emerged, 6 patients showed improvement in GOS-E Peds scores).
AB - Objectives: To investigate functional outcomes and state of consciousness at 1 year and ≥2 years postinjury in children who sustained a traumatic brain injury and were in a disorder of consciousness (DOC), either vegetative state (VS) or minimally conscious state (MCS), upon admission to inpatient rehabilitation. Design: Retrospective chart review. Setting: Pediatric inpatient rehabilitation unit. Participants: Children aged 2-18 years (N=37) who were admitted to inpatient rehabilitation with admission scores <30 on the Cognitive and Linguistic Scale (CALS). Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures: Glasgow Outcome Scale- Extended, Pediatric Revision (GOS-E Peds), and state of consciousness based on previously established guidelines. Results: At admission, 16 children were in VS (43.2%) and 21 (56.8%) were in MCS. Children admitted in VS had a significantly longer time from injury to inpatient rehabilitation admission, lower CALS admission scores, were more likely to be in a DOC ≥28 days, and had greater disability at both follow-up time points. At the 1-year follow-up, 3 patients were in VS, 7 were in MCS, and 27 had emerged from MCS. By the time of the most recent follow-up (≥2y), 2 more patients had emerged from MCS. Across the cohort, GOS-E Peds scores at 1 year ranged from VS (GOS-E Peds, 7) to upper moderate disability (GOS-E Peds, 3). Most patients were functioning in the lower severe disability category (GOS-E Peds, 6) at 1 year (43.2%) and at the time of the most recent follow-up (43.2%). Twenty-seven patients (73.0%) showed stable GOS-E Peds scores between the 2 time points, 6 (16.2%) improved, and 4 (10.8%) were deceased. Conclusions: Although a majority of patients emerged from a DOC by 1 year postinjury, most continued to demonstrate notable functional impairment at the 1-year follow-up that persisted to the most recent follow-up. A small subset demonstrated important improvements between 1 year and the most recent follow-up (2 patients emerged, 6 patients showed improvement in GOS-E Peds scores).
KW - Brain Injuries
KW - Child
KW - Consciousness disorders
KW - Rehabilitation
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U2 - 10.1016/j.apmr.2021.01.084
DO - 10.1016/j.apmr.2021.01.084
M3 - Article
C2 - 33609500
AN - SCOPUS:85102750440
SN - 0003-9993
VL - 102
SP - 1507
EP - 1513
JO - Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation
JF - Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation
IS - 8
ER -