TY - JOUR
T1 - Ventral and dorsal persistent primitive ophthalmic arteries
AU - Gregg, Lydia
AU - San Millán, Diego
AU - Orru, Emanuele
AU - Tamargo, Rafael J.
AU - Gailloud, Philippe
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 by the Congress of Neurological Surgeons.
PY - 2016/6/1
Y1 - 2016/6/1
N2 - BACKGROUND: Before the development of the adult ophthalmic artery (OA), the primitive maxillary artery (MA), the primitive dorsal OA, and the primitive ventral OA contribute to the vascularization of early ocular structures, whereas the primitive olfactory artery (OlfA) forms in the vicinity of the optic vesicle. These vessels are involved in several OA origin variants. OBJECTIVE: To clarify the developmental history of the OA, emphasizing in particular the criteria used to define persistent primitive OAs. METHODS: Eight rare variants relevant to the discussion of aberrant OA origins are presented. RESULTS: Five abnormal anatomic configurations are described including (1) OAs branching from the cavernous internal carotid artery (ICA) involving a persistent primitive MA, (2) OAs originating from the distal supraclinoid ICA involving persistent primitive ventral or dorsal OAs, (3) an OA originating from the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) involving a persistent primitive OlfA, (4) a persistent primitive OlfA, and (5) infraoptic ACAs involving the persistent primitive MA, OlfA, and OA. CONCLUSION: Discrepancies regarding the identification of persistent primitive OAs appear to result from a misinterpretation of the literature. Notably, an OA arising from the cavernous segment of the ICA derives from a primitive MA, whereas an OA arising from the ACA represents the partial persistence of a primitive OlfA; neither corresponds to a persistent primitive OA. Two new observations of this latter variant, which is exceptional, are presented.
AB - BACKGROUND: Before the development of the adult ophthalmic artery (OA), the primitive maxillary artery (MA), the primitive dorsal OA, and the primitive ventral OA contribute to the vascularization of early ocular structures, whereas the primitive olfactory artery (OlfA) forms in the vicinity of the optic vesicle. These vessels are involved in several OA origin variants. OBJECTIVE: To clarify the developmental history of the OA, emphasizing in particular the criteria used to define persistent primitive OAs. METHODS: Eight rare variants relevant to the discussion of aberrant OA origins are presented. RESULTS: Five abnormal anatomic configurations are described including (1) OAs branching from the cavernous internal carotid artery (ICA) involving a persistent primitive MA, (2) OAs originating from the distal supraclinoid ICA involving persistent primitive ventral or dorsal OAs, (3) an OA originating from the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) involving a persistent primitive OlfA, (4) a persistent primitive OlfA, and (5) infraoptic ACAs involving the persistent primitive MA, OlfA, and OA. CONCLUSION: Discrepancies regarding the identification of persistent primitive OAs appear to result from a misinterpretation of the literature. Notably, an OA arising from the cavernous segment of the ICA derives from a primitive MA, whereas an OA arising from the ACA represents the partial persistence of a primitive OlfA; neither corresponds to a persistent primitive OA. Two new observations of this latter variant, which is exceptional, are presented.
KW - Anomalous ophthalmic artery
KW - Cavernous ophthalmic artery
KW - Dorcas Padget
KW - Dorsal ophthalmic artery
KW - Infraoptic anterior cerebral artery
KW - Olfactory artery
KW - Ventral ophthalmic artery
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U2 - 10.1227/NEU.0000000000001066
DO - 10.1227/NEU.0000000000001066
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84944768921
SN - 2332-4252
VL - 12
SP - 141
EP - 152
JO - Operative Neurosurgery
JF - Operative Neurosurgery
IS - 2
ER -