Vascular malformations

Cerebral vascular malformations occurring in the pediatric population that may require specialized neurosurgical and neurointerventional care include arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), cerebral aneurysms, cavernous malformations, vein of Galen aneurysmal malformations (VGAMS), and dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs). Venous angiomas and capillary telangiectasias are typically incidental findings that require no specific treatment. These cerebral vascular lesions are varied in their pathophysiology, treatment options, and prognosis. Although some of these malformations exist more commonly in adults, the principles of treatment may be extended to pediatric patients.