Abstract
We measured urinary outputs of urinary-free cortisol in 28 medication-free depressed patients and 32 normal controls. Depressed patients had significantly greater urinary outputs of urinary-free cortisol than controls. Also, there were significant correlations among depressed patients, but not among controls, between urinary-free cortisol and urinary outputs of norepinephrine and its metabolite vanillylmandelic acid (VMA). These urinary data extend recent findings suggesting that dysregulation of both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and noradrenergic system occur together in depression.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 93-98 |
Number of pages | 6 |
Journal | Psychological Medicine |
Volume | 18 |
Issue number | 1 |
State | Published - 1988 |
Externally published | Yes |
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Psychiatry and Mental health
- General Psychology
- Clinical Psychology