TY - JOUR
T1 - Update on the seroepidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus in the United States household population
T2 - NHANES III, 1988-1994
AU - McQuillan, Geraldine M.
AU - Khare, Meena
AU - Karon, John M.
AU - Schable, Charles A.
AU - Vlahov, David
PY - 1997/4/1
Y1 - 1997/4/1
N2 - To update the estimate of seroprevalence of HIV from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), data from the second phase of the survey were combined with previously publish data to produce a more precise estimate. The testing was performed anonymously on 11,203 individuals 18-59 years of age examined from 1988 to 1994. Fifty-nine individuals were HIV positive, for an overall prevalence of 0.32%. The number of individuals living in households with HIV infection based on this estimate was 461,000, with a 95% confidence interval of 290,000-733,000. Analysis on nonresponse demonstrated that white and black men 40-59 years of age were least likely to participate in the survey. A sensitivity analysis demonstrated that this nonresponse may have biased the NHANES III estimate downward by 190,000 persons. Data from the second phase of the survey were used to analyze the association between drug use and HIV infection. Black women who used cocaine were 12 times more likely to be HIV positive compared with all tested black women (6.5% vs. 0.55%). This survey provides an estimate of HIV prevalence for individuals who reside in households but excludes some persons who are at higher risk for HIV infection, including prisoners and the homeless not residing in shelters.
AB - To update the estimate of seroprevalence of HIV from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), data from the second phase of the survey were combined with previously publish data to produce a more precise estimate. The testing was performed anonymously on 11,203 individuals 18-59 years of age examined from 1988 to 1994. Fifty-nine individuals were HIV positive, for an overall prevalence of 0.32%. The number of individuals living in households with HIV infection based on this estimate was 461,000, with a 95% confidence interval of 290,000-733,000. Analysis on nonresponse demonstrated that white and black men 40-59 years of age were least likely to participate in the survey. A sensitivity analysis demonstrated that this nonresponse may have biased the NHANES III estimate downward by 190,000 persons. Data from the second phase of the survey were used to analyze the association between drug use and HIV infection. Black women who used cocaine were 12 times more likely to be HIV positive compared with all tested black women (6.5% vs. 0.55%). This survey provides an estimate of HIV prevalence for individuals who reside in households but excludes some persons who are at higher risk for HIV infection, including prisoners and the homeless not residing in shelters.
KW - Human immunodeficiency virus infection
KW - National survey
KW - Prevalence
KW - Seroepidemiology
KW - Urine drug testing
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U2 - 10.1097/00042560-199704010-00008
DO - 10.1097/00042560-199704010-00008
M3 - Article
C2 - 9111478
AN - SCOPUS:0030987179
SN - 1077-9450
VL - 14
SP - 355
EP - 360
JO - Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology
JF - Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology
IS - 4
ER -