TY - JOUR
T1 - Update on intravitreal anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha therapies for ocular disorders
AU - Pascual-Camps, Isabel
AU - Hernández-Martínez, Pablo
AU - Monje-Fernández, Laura
AU - Dolz-Marco, Rosa
AU - Gallego-Pinazo, Roberto
AU - Wu, Lihteh
AU - Arévalo, J. Fernando
AU - Díaz-Llopis, Manuel
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2014, Pascual-Camps et al.; licensee Springer.
PY - 2014/12/1
Y1 - 2014/12/1
N2 - Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?) is an important pro-inflammatory cytokine associated with a variety of ocular diseases. The currently available TNF-? inhibitors are etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab, and certolizumab. Experimental and clinical studies on the intravitreal use of these agents have been reported with etanercept, infliximab, and adalimumab: etanercept has shown limited efficacy in scarce reports; infliximab has been associated with local safety concerns but appears to benefit certain cases; adalimumab has shown no efficacy in cases of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or diabetic macular edema (DME), but the combination with bevacizumab may be effective in refractory cases of macular diseases. Further preclinical and clinical studies are warranted in order to be able to obtain a more robust conclusion on the use of intravitreal TNF-? inhibitors.
AB - Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?) is an important pro-inflammatory cytokine associated with a variety of ocular diseases. The currently available TNF-? inhibitors are etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab, and certolizumab. Experimental and clinical studies on the intravitreal use of these agents have been reported with etanercept, infliximab, and adalimumab: etanercept has shown limited efficacy in scarce reports; infliximab has been associated with local safety concerns but appears to benefit certain cases; adalimumab has shown no efficacy in cases of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or diabetic macular edema (DME), but the combination with bevacizumab may be effective in refractory cases of macular diseases. Further preclinical and clinical studies are warranted in order to be able to obtain a more robust conclusion on the use of intravitreal TNF-? inhibitors.
KW - Adalimumab
KW - Etanercept
KW - Infliximab
KW - Intravitreal injection
KW - Ocular disorders
KW - Tumor necrosis factor alpha
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U2 - 10.1186/s12348-014-0026-8
DO - 10.1186/s12348-014-0026-8
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:84958174550
SN - 1869-5760
VL - 4
SP - 1
EP - 5
JO - Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection
JF - Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection
IS - 1
M1 - 26
ER -