Tuberculosis incidence among contacts of active pulmonary tuberculosis

M. Cailleaux-Cezar; D. De; G. M. Xavier; C. L.G. De Salles; F. C.Q. De Mello; A. Ruffino-Netto; J. E. Golub; A. Efron; R. E. Chaisson; Marcus B. Conde

Tuberculosis incidence among contacts of active pulmonary tuberculosis

M. Cailleaux-Cezar, D. De, G. M. Xavier, C. L.G. De Salles, F. C.Q. De Mello, A. Ruffino-Netto, J. E. Golub, A. Efron, R. E. Chaisson, Marcus B. Conde

School of Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Treatment of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) in Brazil is recommended only in the case of contacts of pulmonary smear-positive TB patients aged =≤15 years with a tuberculin skin test (TST) ≥ 10 mm and no previous bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination or with a TST ≥ 15 mm regardless of previous BCG vaccination. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the 2-year incidence and predictors of TB among contacts who did not meet the Brazilian criteria for LTBI treatment. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. Contacts aged between 12 and 15 years and those aged >15 years who did not meet the Brazilian criteria for LTBI treatment were enrolled in the study. RESULTS: TB incidence was 3.2% (22/667), with an estimated TB rate of 1649 per 100000 population. Risk of TB was greater among the 349 contacts with TST ≥ 5 mm (5.4%) compared to the 318 contacts with TST < 5 mm (0.9%; RR 6.04, 95%CI 1.7-20.6). CONCLUSION: The high incidence of TB among contacts who did not meet the Brazilian criteria for LTBI treatment strongly suggests that these criteria should be reviewed. Furthermore, even among BCG-vaccinated contacts, TST induration ≥5 mm was the only variable that predicted the development of TB disease within 2 years.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	190-195
Number of pages	6
Journal	International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Volume	13
Issue number	2
State	Published - Feb 1 2009

Keywords

LTBI
Pulmonary tuberculosis
Tuberculin test

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Infectious Diseases

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Tuberculosis incidence among contacts of active pulmonary tuberculosis. / Cailleaux-Cezar, M.; De, D.; Xavier, G. M.; De Salles, C. L.G.; De Mello, F. C.Q.; Ruffino-Netto, A.; Golub, J. E.; Efron, A.; Chaisson, R. E.; Conde, Marcus B.

In: International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Vol. 13, No. 2, 01.02.2009, p. 190-195.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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abstract = "BACKGROUND: Treatment of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) in Brazil is recommended only in the case of contacts of pulmonary smear-positive TB patients aged =≤15 years with a tuberculin skin test (TST) ≥ 10 mm and no previous bacille Calmette-Gu{\'e}rin (BCG) vaccination or with a TST ≥ 15 mm regardless of previous BCG vaccination. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the 2-year incidence and predictors of TB among contacts who did not meet the Brazilian criteria for LTBI treatment. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. Contacts aged between 12 and 15 years and those aged >15 years who did not meet the Brazilian criteria for LTBI treatment were enrolled in the study. RESULTS: TB incidence was 3.2% (22/667), with an estimated TB rate of 1649 per 100000 population. Risk of TB was greater among the 349 contacts with TST ≥ 5 mm (5.4%) compared to the 318 contacts with TST < 5 mm (0.9%; RR 6.04, 95%CI 1.7-20.6). CONCLUSION: The high incidence of TB among contacts who did not meet the Brazilian criteria for LTBI treatment strongly suggests that these criteria should be reviewed. Furthermore, even among BCG-vaccinated contacts, TST induration ≥5 mm was the only variable that predicted the development of TB disease within 2 years.",

keywords = "LTBI, Pulmonary tuberculosis, Tuberculin test",

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AU - Cailleaux-Cezar, M.

AU - De, D.

AU - Xavier, G. M.

AU - De Salles, C. L.G.

AU - De Mello, F. C.Q.

AU - Ruffino-Netto, A.

AU - Golub, J. E.

AU - Efron, A.

AU - Chaisson, R. E.

AU - Conde, Marcus B.

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N2 - BACKGROUND: Treatment of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) in Brazil is recommended only in the case of contacts of pulmonary smear-positive TB patients aged =≤15 years with a tuberculin skin test (TST) ≥ 10 mm and no previous bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination or with a TST ≥ 15 mm regardless of previous BCG vaccination. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the 2-year incidence and predictors of TB among contacts who did not meet the Brazilian criteria for LTBI treatment. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. Contacts aged between 12 and 15 years and those aged >15 years who did not meet the Brazilian criteria for LTBI treatment were enrolled in the study. RESULTS: TB incidence was 3.2% (22/667), with an estimated TB rate of 1649 per 100000 population. Risk of TB was greater among the 349 contacts with TST ≥ 5 mm (5.4%) compared to the 318 contacts with TST < 5 mm (0.9%; RR 6.04, 95%CI 1.7-20.6). CONCLUSION: The high incidence of TB among contacts who did not meet the Brazilian criteria for LTBI treatment strongly suggests that these criteria should be reviewed. Furthermore, even among BCG-vaccinated contacts, TST induration ≥5 mm was the only variable that predicted the development of TB disease within 2 years.

AB - BACKGROUND: Treatment of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) in Brazil is recommended only in the case of contacts of pulmonary smear-positive TB patients aged =≤15 years with a tuberculin skin test (TST) ≥ 10 mm and no previous bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination or with a TST ≥ 15 mm regardless of previous BCG vaccination. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the 2-year incidence and predictors of TB among contacts who did not meet the Brazilian criteria for LTBI treatment. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. Contacts aged between 12 and 15 years and those aged >15 years who did not meet the Brazilian criteria for LTBI treatment were enrolled in the study. RESULTS: TB incidence was 3.2% (22/667), with an estimated TB rate of 1649 per 100000 population. Risk of TB was greater among the 349 contacts with TST ≥ 5 mm (5.4%) compared to the 318 contacts with TST < 5 mm (0.9%; RR 6.04, 95%CI 1.7-20.6). CONCLUSION: The high incidence of TB among contacts who did not meet the Brazilian criteria for LTBI treatment strongly suggests that these criteria should be reviewed. Furthermore, even among BCG-vaccinated contacts, TST induration ≥5 mm was the only variable that predicted the development of TB disease within 2 years.

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