TY - JOUR
T1 - Tuberculosis and HIV co-infection, California, USA, 1993-2008
AU - Metcalfe, John Z.
AU - Porco, Travis C.
AU - Westenhouse, Janice
AU - Damesyn, Mark
AU - Facer, Matt
AU - Hill, Julia
AU - Xia, Qiang
AU - Watt, James P.
AU - Hopewell, Philip C.
AU - Flood, Jennifer
PY - 2013/3
Y1 - 2013/3
N2 - To understand the epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV co-infection in California, we cross-matched incident TB cases reported to state surveillance systems during 1993-2008 with cases in the state HIV/AIDS registry. Of 57,527 TB case-patients, 3,904 (7%) had known HIV infection. TB rates for persons with HIV declined from 437 to 126 cases/100,000 persons during 1993-2008 rates were highest for Hispanics (225/100,000) and Blacks (148/100,000). Patients co-infected with TB-HIV during 2001-2008 were significantly more likely than those infected before highly active antiretroviral therapy became available to be foreign born, Hispanic, or Asian/Pacific Islander and to have pyrazinamide- monoresistant TB. Death rates decreased after highly active antiretroviral therapy became available but remained twice that for TB patients without HIV infection and higher for women. In California, HIV-associated TB has concentrated among persons from low- and middle-income countries who often acquire HIV infection in the peri-immigration period.
AB - To understand the epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV co-infection in California, we cross-matched incident TB cases reported to state surveillance systems during 1993-2008 with cases in the state HIV/AIDS registry. Of 57,527 TB case-patients, 3,904 (7%) had known HIV infection. TB rates for persons with HIV declined from 437 to 126 cases/100,000 persons during 1993-2008 rates were highest for Hispanics (225/100,000) and Blacks (148/100,000). Patients co-infected with TB-HIV during 2001-2008 were significantly more likely than those infected before highly active antiretroviral therapy became available to be foreign born, Hispanic, or Asian/Pacific Islander and to have pyrazinamide- monoresistant TB. Death rates decreased after highly active antiretroviral therapy became available but remained twice that for TB patients without HIV infection and higher for women. In California, HIV-associated TB has concentrated among persons from low- and middle-income countries who often acquire HIV infection in the peri-immigration period.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84874271037&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.3201/eid1903.121521
DO - 10.3201/eid1903.121521
M3 - Article
C2 - 23745218
AN - SCOPUS:84874271037
VL - 19
SP - 400
EP - 406
JO - Emerging Infectious Diseases
JF - Emerging Infectious Diseases
SN - 1080-6040
IS - 3
ER -