TY - JOUR
T1 - Transplanting the Untransplantable
AU - Holscher, Courtenay M.
AU - Jackson, Kyle R.
AU - Segev, Dorry
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by grant numbers F32DK109662 (Dr Holscher), F32DK113719 (Dr Jackson), and K24DK101828 (Dr Segev) from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases .
Funding Information:
Courtenay M. Holscher, MD, PhD, Kyle R. Jackson, MD, and Dorry L. Segev, MD, PhD. This work was supported by grant numbers F32DK109662 (Dr Holscher), F32DK113719 (Dr Jackson), and K24DK101828 (Dr Segev) from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. The authors declare that they have no relevant financial interests. The analyses described here are the responsibility of the authors alone and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of Health and Human Services, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US government. Received October 29, 2018, in response to an invitation from the journal. Evaluated by 3 external peer reviewers, with direct editorial input from an Associate Editor and a Deputy Editor. Accepted in revised form April 22, 2019.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 National Kidney Foundation, Inc.
PY - 2020/1
Y1 - 2020/1
N2 - With implementation of the Kidney Allocation System, the growth of kidney paired donation programs, and advances in desensitization and immunosuppression, the outlook for “untransplantable” kidney transplantation candidates has never been more promising. The Kidney Allocation System prioritized compatible matches for candidates with calculated panel-reactive antibody levels of 98%, 99%, or 100% and broadened allocation of non-A1 and non–A1-B subgroup kidneys to blood group type B candidates. Concurrently, the growth of kidney paired donation programs and use of incompatible transplantation as part of kidney paired donation to achieve “more compatible” kidney transplantation has improved options for candidates with an incompatible living donor. Finally, advances in desensitization and immunosuppression have strengthened the ability to manage donor-specific antibodies and antibody-mediated rejection. Although no patient should be labeled “untransplantable” due to blood group type or donor-specific antibody, all candidates should be provided with individualized and realistic counseling regarding their anticipated wait times for deceased donor or kidney paired donation matching, with early referral to expert centers when needed. In this Perspective, we consider blood group type ABO incompatibility, HLA antigen incompatibility, antibody-mediated rejection, kidney paired donation, and recent developments in incompatible transplantation in more depth and recommend an approach to the sensitized candidate.
AB - With implementation of the Kidney Allocation System, the growth of kidney paired donation programs, and advances in desensitization and immunosuppression, the outlook for “untransplantable” kidney transplantation candidates has never been more promising. The Kidney Allocation System prioritized compatible matches for candidates with calculated panel-reactive antibody levels of 98%, 99%, or 100% and broadened allocation of non-A1 and non–A1-B subgroup kidneys to blood group type B candidates. Concurrently, the growth of kidney paired donation programs and use of incompatible transplantation as part of kidney paired donation to achieve “more compatible” kidney transplantation has improved options for candidates with an incompatible living donor. Finally, advances in desensitization and immunosuppression have strengthened the ability to manage donor-specific antibodies and antibody-mediated rejection. Although no patient should be labeled “untransplantable” due to blood group type or donor-specific antibody, all candidates should be provided with individualized and realistic counseling regarding their anticipated wait times for deceased donor or kidney paired donation matching, with early referral to expert centers when needed. In this Perspective, we consider blood group type ABO incompatibility, HLA antigen incompatibility, antibody-mediated rejection, kidney paired donation, and recent developments in incompatible transplantation in more depth and recommend an approach to the sensitized candidate.
KW - ABO incompatibility
KW - HLA incompatibility
KW - ILDKT
KW - Kidney Allocation System
KW - Kidney transplantation
KW - antibody-mediated rejection (AMR)
KW - cPRA
KW - crossmatch
KW - desensitization
KW - donor-specific antibodies (DSA)
KW - end-stage renal disease (ESRD)
KW - graft loss
KW - kidney paired donation (KPD)
KW - renal transplant recipient
KW - review
KW - transplant waitlist
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U2 - 10.1053/j.ajkd.2019.04.025
DO - 10.1053/j.ajkd.2019.04.025
M3 - Article
C2 - 31255336
AN - SCOPUS:85067926220
SN - 0272-6386
VL - 75
SP - 114
EP - 123
JO - American Journal of Kidney Diseases
JF - American Journal of Kidney Diseases
IS - 1
ER -