@article{b3b4665896ae42b68e67250f3d3ab13a,
title = "The vaginal microbiome and preterm birth",
abstract = "The incidence of preterm birth exceeds 10% worldwide. There are significant disparities in the frequency of preterm birth among populations within countries, and women of African ancestry disproportionately bear the burden of risk in the United States. In the present study, we report a community resource that includes {\textquoteleft}omics{\textquoteright} data from approximately 12,000 samples as part of the integrative Human Microbiome Project. Longitudinal analyses of 16S ribosomal RNA, metagenomic, metatranscriptomic and cytokine profiles from 45 preterm and 90 term birth controls identified harbingers of preterm birth in this cohort of women predominantly of African ancestry. Women who delivered preterm exhibited significantly lower vaginal levels of Lactobacillus crispatus and higher levels of BVAB1, Sneathia amnii, TM7-H1, a group of Prevotella species and nine additional taxa. The first representative genomes of BVAB1 and TM7-H1 are described. Preterm-birth-associated taxa were correlated with proinflammatory cytokines in vaginal fluid. These findings highlight new opportunities for assessment of the risk of preterm birth.",
author = "Fettweis, {Jennifer M.} and Serrano, {Myrna G.} and Brooks, {J. Paul} and Edwards, {David J.} and Girerd, {Philippe H.} and Parikh, {Hardik I.} and Bernice Huang and Arodz, {Tom J.} and Laahirie Edupuganti and Glascock, {Abigail L.} and Jie Xu and Jimenez, {Nicole R.} and Vivadelli, {Stephany C.} and Fong, {Stephen S.} and Sheth, {Nihar U.} and Sophonie Jean and Vladimir Lee and Bokhari, {Yahya A.} and Lara, {Ana M.} and Mistry, {Shreni D.} and Duckworth, {Robert A.} and Bradley, {Steven P.} and Koparde, {Vishal N.} and Orenda, {X. Valentine} and Milton, {Sarah H.} and Rozycki, {Sarah K.} and Matveyev, {Andrey V.} and Wright, {Michelle L.} and Huzurbazar, {Snehalata V.} and Jackson, {Eugenie M.} and Ekaterina Smirnova and Jonas Korlach and Tsai, {Yu Chih} and Dickinson, {Molly R.} and Brooks, {Jamie L.} and Drake, {Jennifer I.} and Chaffin, {Donald O.} and Sexton, {Amber L.} and Gravett, {Michael G.} and Rubens, {Craig E.} and Wijesooriya, {N. Romesh} and Hendricks-Mu{\~n}oz, {Karen D.} and Jefferson, {Kimberly K.} and Strauss, {Jerome F.} and Buck, {Gregory A.}",
note = "Funding Information: We gratefully acknowledge participants who contributed to the study and the teams of research coordinators, the sample processors and clinicians and nurses who assisted with sample collection. This study was funded by NIH grant nos. UH3AI083263 and U54HD080784 to G.A.B., K.K.J. and J.F.S. and was supported with funds from the Common Fund, the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, and the Office of Research on Women{\textquoteright}s Health. Other grants that provided partial support include a GAPPS BMGF PPB grant to G.A.B. and J.M.F., and NIH grants R21HD092965 to J.M.F. and E. Wickham, and 1R01HD092415 to G.A.B. T.A. was supported by NSF grant 1453658. N.R.J. was supported by grant no. R25GM090084 for the VCU Initiative for Maximizing Student Development program. Sequence analysis, with the exception of the TM7-H1 sequencing, was performed in the Nucleic Acids Research Facilities at VCU and analysis was performed with servers provided by the Center for High Performance Computing at VCU.",
year = "2019",
month = jun,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1038/s41591-019-0450-2",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "25",
pages = "1012--1021",
journal = "Nature Medicine",
issn = "1078-8956",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
number = "6",
}