TY - JOUR
T1 - The role of overdose reversal training in knowing where to get naloxone
T2 - Implications for improving naloxone access among people who use drugs
AU - Schneider, Kristin E.
AU - Dayton, Lauren
AU - Winiker, Abigail K.
AU - Tobin, Karin E.
AU - Latkin, Carl A.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by a grant from the National Institutes on Drug Abuse [R01DA040488]. The first author was also supported by a NIDA training grant [5T32DA007292]. We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of the Lighthouse staff members and our participants, without whom this work would not be possible.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Background: Naloxone distribution and training programs have been implemented to combat the opioid overdose crisis. While many individuals are trained, ongoing naloxone access is not ensured by these programs. We explored whether people who use drugs (PWUD) in Baltimore City, Maryland could identify a location where they would go to obtain naloxone and how training changed where they would be willing to access naloxone. Methods: We surveyed 574 PWUD as to whether they had heard of, been trained to use, and knew where to get naloxone. Among participants who had heard of naloxone, we tested for differences in knowing where to get naloxone by training. Results: The majority (95.3%) had heard of naloxone. Of these, 84.0% could name a location where they would access naloxone, but only 11.7% named multiple. Pharmacies (32.3%) and medical providers (excluding drug treatment providers) (22.9%) were the most commonly identified sources. Participants who had been trained to use naloxone were more likely to report that they would obtain naloxone from the needle exchange and were less likely to report they did not know where they would go to get it or that they would go to a medical provider (excluding drug treatment providers) for naloxone. Conclusions: Naloxone training was associated with participants’ ability to name a location where they would obtain naloxone. Medicalized sources of naloxone remained the most commonly reported. These sources, however, may be associated with significant barriers to access, such as cost. Trainings should provide comprehensive education about low-cost/free sources to ensure ongoing naloxone access among people who use drugs.
AB - Background: Naloxone distribution and training programs have been implemented to combat the opioid overdose crisis. While many individuals are trained, ongoing naloxone access is not ensured by these programs. We explored whether people who use drugs (PWUD) in Baltimore City, Maryland could identify a location where they would go to obtain naloxone and how training changed where they would be willing to access naloxone. Methods: We surveyed 574 PWUD as to whether they had heard of, been trained to use, and knew where to get naloxone. Among participants who had heard of naloxone, we tested for differences in knowing where to get naloxone by training. Results: The majority (95.3%) had heard of naloxone. Of these, 84.0% could name a location where they would access naloxone, but only 11.7% named multiple. Pharmacies (32.3%) and medical providers (excluding drug treatment providers) (22.9%) were the most commonly identified sources. Participants who had been trained to use naloxone were more likely to report that they would obtain naloxone from the needle exchange and were less likely to report they did not know where they would go to get it or that they would go to a medical provider (excluding drug treatment providers) for naloxone. Conclusions: Naloxone training was associated with participants’ ability to name a location where they would obtain naloxone. Medicalized sources of naloxone remained the most commonly reported. These sources, however, may be associated with significant barriers to access, such as cost. Trainings should provide comprehensive education about low-cost/free sources to ensure ongoing naloxone access among people who use drugs.
KW - Naloxone
KW - barriers
KW - overdose
KW - overdose reversal training
KW - people who use drugs
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85101258388&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85101258388&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/08897077.2021.1875103
DO - 10.1080/08897077.2021.1875103
M3 - Article
C2 - 33617733
AN - SCOPUS:85101258388
SN - 0889-7077
VL - 42
SP - 438
EP - 443
JO - Substance Abuse
JF - Substance Abuse
IS - 4
ER -