The reinforcing effects of nicotine in humans and nonhuman primates: A review of intravenous self-administration evidence and future directions for research

Medicine & Life Sciences

• Self Administration 77%
• Nicotine 64%
• Intravenous Administration 61%
• Primates 60%
• Direction compound 46%
• Tobacco 16%
• Tobacco Products 16%
• Government Employees 8%
• Smoking Prevention 8%
• Food Deprivation 8%
• Public Sector 6%
• Psychotropic Drugs 6%
• Injections 6%
• Marketing 6%
• Research Subjects 5%
• United States Food and Drug Administration 5%
• Cigarette Smoking 5%
• Smokers 5%
• Catheters 4%
• Maintenance 4%
• Aptitude 4%

Social Sciences

• self-administration 100%
• nicotine 61%
• evidence 27%
• smoking 7%
• Government employees 5%
• gold standard 4%
• regulatory authority 4%
• Human Subjects 4%
• deprivation 3%
• liability 3%
• marketing 3%
• gender-specific factors 3%
• abuse 3%
• food 2%
• drug 2%
• act 2%
• adolescent 2%