TY - JOUR
T1 - The osmolality of nasal secretions increases when inflammatory mediators are released in response to inhalation of cold, dry air
AU - Togias, A. G.
AU - Proud, D.
AU - Lichtenstein, L. M.
AU - Adams, G. K.
AU - Norman, P. S.
AU - Kagey-Sobotka, A.
AU - Naclerio, R. M.
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 1988
Y1 - 1988
N2 - Inhaling cold, dry air nasally induces in some persons symptoms of rhinitis that are associated with an increase in the level of mast-cell-associated mediators in nasal lavages. The present study, directed at understanding the mechanisms of this reaction, showed that 9 subjects who displayed symptoms and inflammatory mediator release had significant (p<0.01) increments in nasal fluid osmolality, whereas the osmolality of the fluids of 6 subjects unaffected by cold, dry air challenge did not differ from baseline. Significant correlations were found between the mediator concentration and the osmolality of recovered nasal lavages (R(s) = 0.617, p < 0.02; r(s) = 0.679, p < 0.01 for histamine and TAME-esterase(s), respectively). No changes in the osmolality of nasal secretions were found in atopic subjects undergoing nasal challenge with antigen, despite the generation of symptoms and significant elevations in the levels of inflammatory mediators in their nasal lavages. Because increasing the osmolality of the medium surrounding isolated mast cells in vitro triggers mediator secretion, these observations support the concept that the response to cold, dry air nasal inhalation is caused by the release of mediators secondary to an increase in the osmolality of the mucosal secretions.
AB - Inhaling cold, dry air nasally induces in some persons symptoms of rhinitis that are associated with an increase in the level of mast-cell-associated mediators in nasal lavages. The present study, directed at understanding the mechanisms of this reaction, showed that 9 subjects who displayed symptoms and inflammatory mediator release had significant (p<0.01) increments in nasal fluid osmolality, whereas the osmolality of the fluids of 6 subjects unaffected by cold, dry air challenge did not differ from baseline. Significant correlations were found between the mediator concentration and the osmolality of recovered nasal lavages (R(s) = 0.617, p < 0.02; r(s) = 0.679, p < 0.01 for histamine and TAME-esterase(s), respectively). No changes in the osmolality of nasal secretions were found in atopic subjects undergoing nasal challenge with antigen, despite the generation of symptoms and significant elevations in the levels of inflammatory mediators in their nasal lavages. Because increasing the osmolality of the medium surrounding isolated mast cells in vitro triggers mediator secretion, these observations support the concept that the response to cold, dry air nasal inhalation is caused by the release of mediators secondary to an increase in the osmolality of the mucosal secretions.
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U2 - 10.1164/ajrccm/137.3.625
DO - 10.1164/ajrccm/137.3.625
M3 - Article
C2 - 2449835
AN - SCOPUS:0023880338
SN - 0003-0805
VL - 137
SP - 625
EP - 629
JO - American Review of Respiratory Disease
JF - American Review of Respiratory Disease
IS - 3
ER -