The Nuclear Lamina

Lamins interact with a host of nuclear membrane proteins, transcription factors, chromatin regulators, signaling molecules, splicing factors, and even chromatin itself to form a nuclear subcompartment, the nuclear lamina, that is involved in a variety of cellular processes such as the governance of nuclear integrity, nuclear positioning, mitosis, DNA repair, DNA replica-tion, splicing, signaling, mechanotransduction and-sensation, transcriptional regulation, and genome organization. Lamins are the primary scaffold for this nuclear subcompartment, but interactions with lamin-associated peptides in the inner nuclear membrane are self-reinforc-ing and mutually required. Lamins also interact, directly and indirectly, with peripheral heterochromatin domains called lamina-associated domains (LADs) and help to regulate dynamic 3D genome organization and expression of developmentally regulated genes.