TY - JOUR
T1 - The natural history of peanut allergy
AU - Skolnick, Helen S.
AU - Conover-Walker, Mary Kay
AU - Koerner, Celide Barnes
AU - Sampson, Hugh A.
AU - Burks, Wesley
AU - Wood, Robert A.
PY - 2001
Y1 - 2001
N2 - Background: It has traditionally been assumed that peanut allergy is rarely outgrown. Objective: The goal of this study was to determine the number of children with peanut allergy who become tolerant of peanut. Methods: Patients aged 4 to 20 years with a diagnosis of peanut allergy were evaluated by questionnaire, skin testing, and a quantitative antibody fluorescent-enzyme immunoassay. Patients who had been reaction free in the past year and had a peanut IgE (PN-IgE) level less than 20 kilounits of antibody per liter (kUA/L) were offered an open or double-blind, placebo-controlled peanut challenge. Results: A total of 223 patients were evaluated, and of those, 85 (PN-IgE < 0.35-20.4 kUA/L [median 1.42 kUA/L]) participated in an oral peanut challenge. Forty-eight (21.5%) patients had negative challenge results and were believed to have outgrown their peanut allergy (aged 4-17.5 years [median 6 years]; PN-IgE < 0.35-20.4 kUA/L [median 0.69 kUA/L]). Thirty-seven failed the challenge (aged 4-13 years [median 6.5 years]; RAST < 0.35-18.2 kUA/L [median 2.06 kUA/L]). Forty-one patients with PN-IgE levels less than 20 kUA/L declined to undergo challenge, and 97 were not eligible for challenge because their PN-IgE levels were greater than 20 kUA/L or they had had a recent reaction. Sixty-seven percent of patients with PN-IgE levels less than 2 kUA/L and 61% with levels less than 5 kUA/L had negative challenge results. Of those who underwent challenge, PN-IgE levels for those who passed versus those who failed were different at the time of challenge (P =. 009), but not at the time of diagnosis (P =. 25). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that peanut allergy is outgrown in about 21.5% of patients. Patients with low PN-IgE levels should be offered a peanut challenge in a medical setting to demonstrate whether they can now tolerate peanuts.
AB - Background: It has traditionally been assumed that peanut allergy is rarely outgrown. Objective: The goal of this study was to determine the number of children with peanut allergy who become tolerant of peanut. Methods: Patients aged 4 to 20 years with a diagnosis of peanut allergy were evaluated by questionnaire, skin testing, and a quantitative antibody fluorescent-enzyme immunoassay. Patients who had been reaction free in the past year and had a peanut IgE (PN-IgE) level less than 20 kilounits of antibody per liter (kUA/L) were offered an open or double-blind, placebo-controlled peanut challenge. Results: A total of 223 patients were evaluated, and of those, 85 (PN-IgE < 0.35-20.4 kUA/L [median 1.42 kUA/L]) participated in an oral peanut challenge. Forty-eight (21.5%) patients had negative challenge results and were believed to have outgrown their peanut allergy (aged 4-17.5 years [median 6 years]; PN-IgE < 0.35-20.4 kUA/L [median 0.69 kUA/L]). Thirty-seven failed the challenge (aged 4-13 years [median 6.5 years]; RAST < 0.35-18.2 kUA/L [median 2.06 kUA/L]). Forty-one patients with PN-IgE levels less than 20 kUA/L declined to undergo challenge, and 97 were not eligible for challenge because their PN-IgE levels were greater than 20 kUA/L or they had had a recent reaction. Sixty-seven percent of patients with PN-IgE levels less than 2 kUA/L and 61% with levels less than 5 kUA/L had negative challenge results. Of those who underwent challenge, PN-IgE levels for those who passed versus those who failed were different at the time of challenge (P =. 009), but not at the time of diagnosis (P =. 25). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that peanut allergy is outgrown in about 21.5% of patients. Patients with low PN-IgE levels should be offered a peanut challenge in a medical setting to demonstrate whether they can now tolerate peanuts.
KW - Double-blind
KW - Food hypersensitivity
KW - Peanut allergy
KW - Placebo-controlled food challenge
KW - RAST
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U2 - 10.1067/mai.2001.112129
DO - 10.1067/mai.2001.112129
M3 - Article
C2 - 11174206
AN - SCOPUS:0035113288
SN - 0091-6749
VL - 107
SP - 367
EP - 374
JO - Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
JF - Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
IS - 2
ER -