Abstract
Background: The mu opioid receptor (MOR) has previously been found to regulate ethanol-stimulated dopamine release under some, but not all, conditions. A difference in ethanol-evoked dopamine release between male and female mixed background C57BL/6J-129SvEv mice led to questions about its ubiquitous role in these effects of ethanol. Using congenic C57BL/6J MOR knockout (KO) mice and C57BL/6J mice pretreated with an irreversible MOR antagonist, we investigated the function of this receptor in ethanol-stimulated dopamine release. Methods: Microdialysis was used to monitor dopamine release and ethanol clearance in MOR -/-, +/+, and +/- male and female mice after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0g/kg ethanol (or saline). We also measured the increase in dopamine release after 5mg/kg morphine (i.p.) in male and female MOR+/+ and -/- mice. In a separate experiment, male C57BL/6J mice were pretreated with either the irreversible MOR antagonist beta funaltrexamine (BFNA) or vehicle, and dopamine levels were monitored after administration of 2g/kg ethanol or 5mg/kg morphine. Results: Although ethanol-stimulated dopamine release at all the 3 doses of alcohol tested, there were no differences between MOR+/+, -/-, and +/- mice in these effects. Female mice had a more prolonged effect compared to males at the 1g/kg dose. Administration of 2g/kg ethanol also caused a similar increase in dopamine levels in both saline-pretreated and BFNA-pretreated mice. Five mg/kg morphine caused a significant increase in dopamine levels in MOR+/+ mice but not in MOR-/- mice and in saline-pretreated mice but not in BFNA-pretreated mice. Intraperitoneal saline injections had a significant, albeit small and transient, effect on dopamine release when given in a volume equivalent to the ethanol doses, but not in a volume equivalent to the 5mg/kg morphine dose. Ethanol pharmacokinetics were similar in all genotypes and both sexes at each dose and in both pretreatment groups. Conclusions: MOR is not involved in ethanol-stimulated dopamine release in the ventral striatum of C57BL/6J mice.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 929-938 |
Number of pages | 10 |
Journal | Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research |
Volume | 35 |
Issue number | 5 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - May 2011 |
Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Beta funaltrexamine
- C57BL/6J mice
- Dopamine
- Microdialysis
- MOR
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Medicine (miscellaneous)
- Psychiatry and Mental health
- Toxicology