TY - JOUR
T1 - The longitudinal relationship between cannabis use and hypertension
AU - Haleem, Ahmed
AU - Hwang, Yoseob Joseph
AU - Elton-Marshall, Tara
AU - Rehm, Jürgen
AU - Imtiaz, Sameer
N1 - Funding Information:
TE‐M, JR and SI acknowledge funding from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research's Institute of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Addiction (Canadian Research Initiative on Substance Misuse Ontario Node Grant SMN‐13950).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Australasian Professional Society on Alcohol and other Drugs
PY - 2021/9
Y1 - 2021/9
N2 - Introduction: The relationship between cannabis use and hypertension is not clear based on prior epidemiological studies. Thus, we examined this relationship over a 3-year follow-up period using a large population-based sample from the USA. Methods: Self-reported longitudinal data were obtained from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions Wave 1 (2001/2002) and Wave 2 (2004/2005). The sample was restricted to participants who did not report hypertension at baseline (n = 26 844; 51% 40 years and older, 51% female, 71% white). χ2-tests were used to examine the distributions of confounders stratified by the incidence of hypertension. Thereafter, multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to quantify the relationships between lifetime cannabis use, 12-month cannabis use and 12-month cannabis use frequency and incidence of hypertension while adjusting for confounders. Results: Cannabis use was associated with a decreased incidence of hypertension in the unadjusted analyses. However, the relationships were confounded by age. After adjustment for all confounders, neither lifetime cannabis use (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval 0.89, 0.77 to 1.02), 12-month cannabis use (0.78, 0.56 to 1.09) nor 12-month cannabis use frequency [at least monthly use (0.85, 0.57 to 1.28) and less than monthly use (0.67, 0.40 to 1.11)] were associated above chance with the incidence of hypertension. Discussion and Conclusions: Lifetime cannabis use, 12-month cannabis use and 12-month cannabis use frequency were not associated with the incidence of hypertension.
AB - Introduction: The relationship between cannabis use and hypertension is not clear based on prior epidemiological studies. Thus, we examined this relationship over a 3-year follow-up period using a large population-based sample from the USA. Methods: Self-reported longitudinal data were obtained from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions Wave 1 (2001/2002) and Wave 2 (2004/2005). The sample was restricted to participants who did not report hypertension at baseline (n = 26 844; 51% 40 years and older, 51% female, 71% white). χ2-tests were used to examine the distributions of confounders stratified by the incidence of hypertension. Thereafter, multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to quantify the relationships between lifetime cannabis use, 12-month cannabis use and 12-month cannabis use frequency and incidence of hypertension while adjusting for confounders. Results: Cannabis use was associated with a decreased incidence of hypertension in the unadjusted analyses. However, the relationships were confounded by age. After adjustment for all confounders, neither lifetime cannabis use (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval 0.89, 0.77 to 1.02), 12-month cannabis use (0.78, 0.56 to 1.09) nor 12-month cannabis use frequency [at least monthly use (0.85, 0.57 to 1.28) and less than monthly use (0.67, 0.40 to 1.11)] were associated above chance with the incidence of hypertension. Discussion and Conclusions: Lifetime cannabis use, 12-month cannabis use and 12-month cannabis use frequency were not associated with the incidence of hypertension.
KW - United States
KW - cannabis
KW - hypertension
KW - marijuana smoking
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U2 - 10.1111/dar.13266
DO - 10.1111/dar.13266
M3 - Article
C2 - 33644920
AN - SCOPUS:85101843707
SN - 0959-5236
VL - 40
SP - 914
EP - 919
JO - Drug and Alcohol Review
JF - Drug and Alcohol Review
IS - 6
ER -