TY - JOUR
T1 - The impact and burden of neurological sequelae following bacterial meningitis
T2 - A narrative review
AU - Schiess, Nicoline
AU - Groce, Nora E.
AU - Dua, Tarun
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
PY - 2021/5
Y1 - 2021/5
N2 - The burden, impact, and social and economic costs of neurological sequelae following meningitis can be devastating to patients, families and communities. An acute inflammation of the brain and spinal cord, meningitis results in high mortality rates, with over 2.5 million new cases of bacterial meningitis and over 236,000 deaths worldwide in 2019 alone. Up to 30% of survivors have some type of neurological or neuro‐behavioural sequelae. These include seizures, hearing and vision loss, cognitive impairment, neuromotor disability and memory or behaviour changes. Few studies have documented the long‐term (greater than five years) consequences or have parsed out whether the age at time of meningitis contributes to poor outcome. Knowledge of the socioeconomic impact and demand for medical follow‐up services among these patients and their caregivers is also lacking, especially in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). Within resource‐limited settings, the costs incurred by patients and their families can be very high. This review summarises the available evidence to better understand the impact and burden of the neurological sequelae and disabling consequences of bacterial meningitis, with particular focus on identifying existing gaps in LMICs.
AB - The burden, impact, and social and economic costs of neurological sequelae following meningitis can be devastating to patients, families and communities. An acute inflammation of the brain and spinal cord, meningitis results in high mortality rates, with over 2.5 million new cases of bacterial meningitis and over 236,000 deaths worldwide in 2019 alone. Up to 30% of survivors have some type of neurological or neuro‐behavioural sequelae. These include seizures, hearing and vision loss, cognitive impairment, neuromotor disability and memory or behaviour changes. Few studies have documented the long‐term (greater than five years) consequences or have parsed out whether the age at time of meningitis contributes to poor outcome. Knowledge of the socioeconomic impact and demand for medical follow‐up services among these patients and their caregivers is also lacking, especially in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). Within resource‐limited settings, the costs incurred by patients and their families can be very high. This review summarises the available evidence to better understand the impact and burden of the neurological sequelae and disabling consequences of bacterial meningitis, with particular focus on identifying existing gaps in LMICs.
KW - Burden
KW - Disability
KW - Meningitis
KW - Neurological sequelae
KW - Social and economic costs
KW - Tuberculous meningitis
KW - WHO Meningitis Roadmap
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U2 - 10.3390/microorganisms9050900
DO - 10.3390/microorganisms9050900
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33922381
AN - SCOPUS:85104534434
SN - 2076-2607
VL - 9
JO - Microorganisms
JF - Microorganisms
IS - 5
M1 - 900
ER -