The Family Strain Index (FSI). Reliability, validity, and factor structure of a brief questionnaire for families of children with ADHD

Anne W. Riley; Lisa M. Lyman; Georg Spiel; Manfred Döpfner; Maria J. Lorenzo; Stephen J. Ralston; G. Baldursson; D. Coghill; P. Curatolo; S. Dalsgaard; B. Falissard; A. Hervas; M. F. Le Heuzey; T. S. Nøvik; R. R. Pereira; U. Preuss; P. Rasmussen; A. Rothenberger; H. C. Steinhausen; L. Vlasveld

doi:10.1007/s00787-006-1010-0

The Family Strain Index (FSI). Reliability, validity, and factor structure of a brief questionnaire for families of children with ADHD

Anne W. Riley, Lisa M. Lyman, Georg Spiel, Manfred Döpfner, Maria J. Lorenzo, Stephen J. Ralston, G. Baldursson, D. Coghill, P. Curatolo, S. Dalsgaard, B. Falissard, A. Hervas, M. F. Le Heuzey, T. S. Nøvik, R. R. Pereira, U. Preuss, P. Rasmussen, A. Rothenberger, H. C. Steinhausen, L. Vlasveld

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

37 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children affects every member of the family. Practical tools are needed to assess the effects of ADHD on families to better understand and address the level of stress, strain and burden that families experience. Objective: To provide the preliminary reliability, validity and factor structure of the Family Strain Index (FSI), a 6-item parent-report questionnaire. Methods: The FSI was completed by 1,477 parents of children with ADHD (aged 6-18 years) at the baseline visit of the ADORE study in 10 European countries (data missing for one patient). Results: The FSI taps into an overall experience of worry and interruptions of activities in families of children with ADHD, as a single factor was identified with excellent internal consistency (α=0.87). Despite its brevity, almost no ceiling (worst score) or floor (best score) effects were observed for families of these highly symptomatic children. This score distribution and the 5-point response options suggest that the FSI will be responsive to changes in the experience of family strain associated with children's ADHD treatment. Conclusion: The ease of completion and coherence of the underlying construct indicates that the FSI may be a practical clinical tool for monitoring changes in family strain associated with children's ADHD treatment.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	I/72-I/78
Journal	European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Volume	15
Issue number	SUPPL. 1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-006-1010-0
State	Published - Dec 2006
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

ADHD
Children
Europe
Factor structure
Family
Strain

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
Developmental and Educational Psychology
Psychiatry and Mental health

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10.1007/s00787-006-1010-0

Cite this

Riley, A. W., Lyman, L. M., Spiel, G., Döpfner, M., Lorenzo, M. J., Ralston, S. J., Baldursson, G., Coghill, D., Curatolo, P., Dalsgaard, S., Falissard, B., Hervas, A., Le Heuzey, M. F., Nøvik, T. S., Pereira, R. R., Preuss, U., Rasmussen, P., Rothenberger, A., Steinhausen, H. C., & Vlasveld, L. (2006). The Family Strain Index (FSI). Reliability, validity, and factor structure of a brief questionnaire for families of children with ADHD. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 15(SUPPL. 1), I/72-I/78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-006-1010-0

Riley, AW, Lyman, LM, Spiel, G, Döpfner, M, Lorenzo, MJ, Ralston, SJ, Baldursson, G, Coghill, D, Curatolo, P, Dalsgaard, S, Falissard, B, Hervas, A, Le Heuzey, MF, Nøvik, TS, Pereira, RR, Preuss, U, Rasmussen, P, Rothenberger, A, Steinhausen, HC & Vlasveld, L 2006, 'The Family Strain Index (FSI). Reliability, validity, and factor structure of a brief questionnaire for families of children with ADHD', European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, vol. 15, no. SUPPL. 1, pp. I/72-I/78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-006-1010-0

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abstract = "Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children affects every member of the family. Practical tools are needed to assess the effects of ADHD on families to better understand and address the level of stress, strain and burden that families experience. Objective: To provide the preliminary reliability, validity and factor structure of the Family Strain Index (FSI), a 6-item parent-report questionnaire. Methods: The FSI was completed by 1,477 parents of children with ADHD (aged 6-18 years) at the baseline visit of the ADORE study in 10 European countries (data missing for one patient). Results: The FSI taps into an overall experience of worry and interruptions of activities in families of children with ADHD, as a single factor was identified with excellent internal consistency (α=0.87). Despite its brevity, almost no ceiling (worst score) or floor (best score) effects were observed for families of these highly symptomatic children. This score distribution and the 5-point response options suggest that the FSI will be responsive to changes in the experience of family strain associated with children's ADHD treatment. Conclusion: The ease of completion and coherence of the underlying construct indicates that the FSI may be a practical clinical tool for monitoring changes in family strain associated with children's ADHD treatment.",

keywords = "ADHD, Children, Europe, Factor structure, Family, Strain",

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year = "2006",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1007/s00787-006-1010-0",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "15",

pages = "I/72--I/78",

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T1 - The Family Strain Index (FSI). Reliability, validity, and factor structure of a brief questionnaire for families of children with ADHD

AU - Riley, Anne W.

AU - Lyman, Lisa M.

AU - Spiel, Georg

AU - Döpfner, Manfred

AU - Lorenzo, Maria J.

AU - Ralston, Stephen J.

AU - Baldursson, G.

AU - Coghill, D.

AU - Curatolo, P.

AU - Dalsgaard, S.

AU - Falissard, B.

AU - Hervas, A.

AU - Le Heuzey, M. F.

AU - Nøvik, T. S.

AU - Pereira, R. R.

AU - Preuss, U.

AU - Rasmussen, P.

AU - Rothenberger, A.

AU - Steinhausen, H. C.

AU - Vlasveld, L.

PY - 2006/12

Y1 - 2006/12

N2 - Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children affects every member of the family. Practical tools are needed to assess the effects of ADHD on families to better understand and address the level of stress, strain and burden that families experience. Objective: To provide the preliminary reliability, validity and factor structure of the Family Strain Index (FSI), a 6-item parent-report questionnaire. Methods: The FSI was completed by 1,477 parents of children with ADHD (aged 6-18 years) at the baseline visit of the ADORE study in 10 European countries (data missing for one patient). Results: The FSI taps into an overall experience of worry and interruptions of activities in families of children with ADHD, as a single factor was identified with excellent internal consistency (α=0.87). Despite its brevity, almost no ceiling (worst score) or floor (best score) effects were observed for families of these highly symptomatic children. This score distribution and the 5-point response options suggest that the FSI will be responsive to changes in the experience of family strain associated with children's ADHD treatment. Conclusion: The ease of completion and coherence of the underlying construct indicates that the FSI may be a practical clinical tool for monitoring changes in family strain associated with children's ADHD treatment.

AB - Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children affects every member of the family. Practical tools are needed to assess the effects of ADHD on families to better understand and address the level of stress, strain and burden that families experience. Objective: To provide the preliminary reliability, validity and factor structure of the Family Strain Index (FSI), a 6-item parent-report questionnaire. Methods: The FSI was completed by 1,477 parents of children with ADHD (aged 6-18 years) at the baseline visit of the ADORE study in 10 European countries (data missing for one patient). Results: The FSI taps into an overall experience of worry and interruptions of activities in families of children with ADHD, as a single factor was identified with excellent internal consistency (α=0.87). Despite its brevity, almost no ceiling (worst score) or floor (best score) effects were observed for families of these highly symptomatic children. This score distribution and the 5-point response options suggest that the FSI will be responsive to changes in the experience of family strain associated with children's ADHD treatment. Conclusion: The ease of completion and coherence of the underlying construct indicates that the FSI may be a practical clinical tool for monitoring changes in family strain associated with children's ADHD treatment.

KW - ADHD

KW - Children

KW - Europe

KW - Factor structure

KW - Family

KW - Strain

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ER -

The Family Strain Index (FSI). Reliability, validity, and factor structure of a brief questionnaire for families of children with ADHD

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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