Abstract
Purpose of review: In addition to storing energy, adipose tissue secretes various proteins including leptin, adiponectin, resistin, cytokines, coagulation and vasoactive peptides. The levels of these 'adipokines' are related to adiposity; hence, they could provide molecular mechanisms for diabetes, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis and other complications of obesity. Recent findings: Leptin inhibits feeding by binding to the long leptin receptor (LRb) in the brain, leading to activation of the JAK-STAT pathway. The leptin signal is terminated through induction of SOCS3 and FTP1B activity. The importance of these molecules has been confirmed in knockout mice. Ablation of LRb or STAT3 in neurons causes hyperphagia, obesity and neuroendoerine deficits, while the loss of SOCS3 or PTP1B prevents obesity. Adiponectin has also attracted attention because it is reduced in obesity and diabetic humans and animals. Treatment with adiponectin improves insulin sensitivity, decreases lipids by enhancing oxidation, and protects against vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis, Adiponectin is increased by thiazolidinediones and likely mediates the antidiabetics effects of these drugs. Resistin exerts an opposite effect to adiponectin by inhibiting insulin action in rodents; however, its role in humans is less certain. Summary: Identification of the key molecular pathways underlying the actions of adipocyte hormones provides new insights into their roles in health and disease. Specific targets of adipocyte hormones could potentially benefit the diagnosis and treatment of obesity and other metabolic diseases.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 163-170 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Current Opinion in Endocrinology and Diabetes |
| Volume | 12 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Apr 2005 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- Adipocyte
- Adiponectin
- Cytokine
- Leptin
- Metabolism
- Resistin
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Endocrinology
- Internal Medicine
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Cite this
The endocrine role of adipose tissue : Focus on adiponectin and resistin. / Jackson, Malaka B.; Osei, Suzette Y.; Ahima, Rexford S.
In: Current Opinion in Endocrinology and Diabetes, Vol. 12, No. 2, 04.2005, p. 163-170.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - The endocrine role of adipose tissue
T2 - Focus on adiponectin and resistin
AU - Jackson, Malaka B.
AU - Osei, Suzette Y.
AU - Ahima, Rexford S
PY - 2005/4
Y1 - 2005/4
N2 - Purpose of review: In addition to storing energy, adipose tissue secretes various proteins including leptin, adiponectin, resistin, cytokines, coagulation and vasoactive peptides. The levels of these 'adipokines' are related to adiposity; hence, they could provide molecular mechanisms for diabetes, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis and other complications of obesity. Recent findings: Leptin inhibits feeding by binding to the long leptin receptor (LRb) in the brain, leading to activation of the JAK-STAT pathway. The leptin signal is terminated through induction of SOCS3 and FTP1B activity. The importance of these molecules has been confirmed in knockout mice. Ablation of LRb or STAT3 in neurons causes hyperphagia, obesity and neuroendoerine deficits, while the loss of SOCS3 or PTP1B prevents obesity. Adiponectin has also attracted attention because it is reduced in obesity and diabetic humans and animals. Treatment with adiponectin improves insulin sensitivity, decreases lipids by enhancing oxidation, and protects against vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis, Adiponectin is increased by thiazolidinediones and likely mediates the antidiabetics effects of these drugs. Resistin exerts an opposite effect to adiponectin by inhibiting insulin action in rodents; however, its role in humans is less certain. Summary: Identification of the key molecular pathways underlying the actions of adipocyte hormones provides new insights into their roles in health and disease. Specific targets of adipocyte hormones could potentially benefit the diagnosis and treatment of obesity and other metabolic diseases.
AB - Purpose of review: In addition to storing energy, adipose tissue secretes various proteins including leptin, adiponectin, resistin, cytokines, coagulation and vasoactive peptides. The levels of these 'adipokines' are related to adiposity; hence, they could provide molecular mechanisms for diabetes, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis and other complications of obesity. Recent findings: Leptin inhibits feeding by binding to the long leptin receptor (LRb) in the brain, leading to activation of the JAK-STAT pathway. The leptin signal is terminated through induction of SOCS3 and FTP1B activity. The importance of these molecules has been confirmed in knockout mice. Ablation of LRb or STAT3 in neurons causes hyperphagia, obesity and neuroendoerine deficits, while the loss of SOCS3 or PTP1B prevents obesity. Adiponectin has also attracted attention because it is reduced in obesity and diabetic humans and animals. Treatment with adiponectin improves insulin sensitivity, decreases lipids by enhancing oxidation, and protects against vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis, Adiponectin is increased by thiazolidinediones and likely mediates the antidiabetics effects of these drugs. Resistin exerts an opposite effect to adiponectin by inhibiting insulin action in rodents; however, its role in humans is less certain. Summary: Identification of the key molecular pathways underlying the actions of adipocyte hormones provides new insights into their roles in health and disease. Specific targets of adipocyte hormones could potentially benefit the diagnosis and treatment of obesity and other metabolic diseases.
KW - Adipocyte
KW - Adiponectin
KW - Cytokine
KW - Leptin
KW - Metabolism
KW - Resistin
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=17144390207&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=17144390207&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/01.med.0000159113.87201.e8
DO - 10.1097/01.med.0000159113.87201.e8
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:17144390207
VL - 12
SP - 163
EP - 170
JO - Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity
JF - Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity
SN - 1752-296X
IS - 2
ER -