Abstract
Adding to its well-known roles in locomotion and calcium balance, the skeleton has recently been appreciated as a true endocrine organ. Bone remodeling, a highly dynamic process, requires synchronized activities and crosstalk between bone cells. Discovery and characterization of the Wnt/β catenin pathway in bone formation, FGF23 regulation of phosphate homeostasis and osteocalcin in energy and glucose homeostasis have reframed our view of the skeleton from simply a target tissue of the endocrine system to an endocrine tissue itself. This comprehensive review provides an overview of these complex pathways, their application to human bone disorders and implications for developing diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
Original language | English (US) |
---|---|
Pages (from-to) | 79-91 |
Number of pages | 13 |
Journal | Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders |
Volume | 16 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jul 1 2015 |
Keywords
- 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D
- Bone formation
- Bone remodeling
- Bone resorption
- Calcium homeostasis
- Calcium sensing receptor
- FGF23
- Leptin
- Osteoblasts
- Osteocalcin
- Osteoclasts
- Osteocytes
- PTH
- Phosphate homeostasis
- RANK ligand
- Sclerostin
- TGF-β
- Wnt signaling
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
- Endocrinology