@article{c68cb5dcca45450dbf2b75edd4fd5b2c,
title = "The Diversity of Chemoprotective Glucosinolates in Moringaceae (Moringa spp.)",
abstract = "Glucosinolates (GS) are metabolized to isothiocyanates that may enhance human healthspan by protecting against a variety of chronic diseases. Moringa oleifera, the drumstick tree, produces unique GS but little is known about GS variation within M. oleifera, and even less in the 12 other Moringa species, some of which are very rare. We assess leaf, seed, stem, and leaf gland exudate GS content of 12 of the 13 known Moringa species. We describe 2 previously unidentified GS as major components of 6 species, reporting on the presence of simple alkyl GS in 4 species, which are dominant in M. longituba. We document potent chemoprotective potential in 11 of 12 species, and measure the cytoprotective activity of 6 purified GS in several cell lines. Some of the unique GS rank with the most powerful known inducers of the phase 2 cytoprotective response. Although extracts of most species induced a robust phase 2 cytoprotective response in cultured cells, one was very low (M. longituba), and by far the highest was M. arborea, a very rare and poorly known species. Our results underscore the importance of Moringa as a chemoprotective resource and the need to survey and conserve its interspecific diversity.",
author = "Fahey, {Jed W.} and Olson, {Mark E.} and Stephenson, {Katherine K.} and Wade, {Kristina L.} and Chodur, {Gwen M.} and David Odee and Wasif Nouman and Michael Massiah and Jesse Alt and Egner, {Patricia A.} and Hubbard, {Walter C.}",
note = "Funding Information: We gratefully acknowledge financial assistance and support from the Lewis B. and Dorothy Cullman Foundation, The Missouri Botanical Garden, Trees for Life International, Programa para el Apoyo para la Investigaci{\'o}n e Innovaci{\'o}n Tecnol{\'o}gica, UNAM, Grant IT200515, and CONACyT Grant 1320404. Paul Talalay encouraged and supported early phases of this work when other financial support was lacking. This project has extended over a number of years, during which many people have lent their intellectual and participatory support to this project, both in the laboratory and in the field, including: Peter Raven, Albena Dinkova-Kostova, W. David Holtzclaw, Cungen Zang, Mark Rogers, Camilo Rojas, Amy Zalcmann, Julieta Rosell, Helen Giles, Belinda Chiu, YuZhu Shi, Hua Liu, Sharadha Dayalan Naidu, Thomas W. Kensler, Balbir Mathur, and Jeffrey Faus. Further, we are most grateful to the International Moringa Germplasm Collection, which houses living material of 12 of the 13 Moringa species, as a resource for scientific research on the basic biology of Moringa and investigation of applied uses such as nutrition, chronic disease prevention and treatment, biofuels, and water clarification. Progeny of some of the materials originally collected and evaluated in this paper are now growing at The Collection. It was established by-and is managed by MEO, with intellectual participation from JWF, KKS, KLW, and their students. Its permanent location is now on the coast of Jalisco, Mexico thanks to a grant from Trees for Life International, and ongoing support from the Instituto de Biolog{\'i}a, Universidad Nacional Aut{\'o}noma de M{\'e}xico (UNAM) where MEO is a professor. Trees for Life International has provided the germplasm collection with a research mandate to find the most protein-rich moringa, and to develop a better understanding of moringa protein attributes such as digestibility and amino acid profile. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 The Author(s).",
year = "2018",
month = dec,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1038/s41598-018-26058-4",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "8",
journal = "Scientific reports",
issn = "2045-2322",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
number = "1",
}