TY - JOUR
T1 - The development of suicide ideation and attempts
T2 - An epidemiologic study of first graders followed into young adulthood
AU - Wilcox, Holly C.
AU - Anthony, James C.
N1 - Funding Information:
We would like to thank the young adults and families who have participated in this study over the years. Support for the longitudinal data collection was provided by grant awards from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA04392, DA09897, and a K05 Senior Scientist Award to JCA-DA015799). The authors wish to acknowledge the project's other central funding sources F31 DA14454 and T32 MH019833 (HCW), R01 MH042968 and P50MH 038725, and the following individuals whose wisdom and efforts contributed to the success of the project, especially Carla Storr, Fernando Wagner, Nicholas S. Ialongo, Sheppard Kellam, Margaret Ensminger, Karen Bandeen-Roche, and Jane Pearson, among collaborators, school administrators, principals, and teachers too numerous to list individually.
PY - 2004/12/7
Y1 - 2004/12/7
N2 - Studying community residing youths originally recruited for an intervention trial upon entry into first grade, this project sought to estimate risk of suicide ideation and attempts to young adulthood, with focus on those who used drugs before age 16, as compared to youths who used later in development or not at all. Standardized interview assessments in 1989-1994 were completed with 2311 youths age 8-15. Roughly 15 years after recruitment, our study team reassessed 1695, nearly 75% of the survivors (mean age = 21), finding 155 to have made suicide attempts (SA) and 218 with onset of depression-related suicide ideation (SI). We estimate relative risk (RR), from survival analysis and logistic regression models, to study early use of tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, and inhalants, with covariate adjustments for age, sex, race-ethnicity, and other pertinent covariates. Early-onset of cannabis use and inhalant use for females, but not for males, signaled modestly excess risk of suicide attempt (cannabis-associated RR = 1.9; p = 0.04; inhalant-associated RR = 2.2; p = 0.05). Early-onset of cannabis use by females (but not for males) signaled excess risk for suicide ideation (RR = 2.9; p = 0.006). Early-onset alcohol and tobacco use were not associated with later risk of SA or SI. In light of the relatively modest strength of association, the evidence may well reflect an underlying common diathesis or unmeasured prior confounding influences that link early-onset illegal drug use with later risk of these suicide-related events, rather than an influence of early-onset drug use per se.
AB - Studying community residing youths originally recruited for an intervention trial upon entry into first grade, this project sought to estimate risk of suicide ideation and attempts to young adulthood, with focus on those who used drugs before age 16, as compared to youths who used later in development or not at all. Standardized interview assessments in 1989-1994 were completed with 2311 youths age 8-15. Roughly 15 years after recruitment, our study team reassessed 1695, nearly 75% of the survivors (mean age = 21), finding 155 to have made suicide attempts (SA) and 218 with onset of depression-related suicide ideation (SI). We estimate relative risk (RR), from survival analysis and logistic regression models, to study early use of tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, and inhalants, with covariate adjustments for age, sex, race-ethnicity, and other pertinent covariates. Early-onset of cannabis use and inhalant use for females, but not for males, signaled modestly excess risk of suicide attempt (cannabis-associated RR = 1.9; p = 0.04; inhalant-associated RR = 2.2; p = 0.05). Early-onset of cannabis use by females (but not for males) signaled excess risk for suicide ideation (RR = 2.9; p = 0.006). Early-onset alcohol and tobacco use were not associated with later risk of SA or SI. In light of the relatively modest strength of association, the evidence may well reflect an underlying common diathesis or unmeasured prior confounding influences that link early-onset illegal drug use with later risk of these suicide-related events, rather than an influence of early-onset drug use per se.
KW - Adolescence
KW - Cannabis
KW - Epidemiology
KW - Inhalants
KW - Suicide
KW - Suicide attempt
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=9144272357&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=9144272357&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.08.007
DO - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.08.007
M3 - Article
C2 - 15555817
AN - SCOPUS:9144272357
SN - 0376-8716
VL - 76
SP - S53-S67
JO - Drug and alcohol dependence
JF - Drug and alcohol dependence
IS - SUPPL.
ER -