TY - JOUR
T1 - Systematic review of the effectiveness of mass communication programs to change HIV/AIDS-related behaviors in developing countries
AU - Bertrand, Jane T.
AU - O'Reilly, Kevin
AU - Denison, Julie
AU - Anhang, Rebecca
AU - Sweat, Michael
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors wish to thank Priya Emmart, Jennifer Gonyea, Amy Gregowski, Andrea Ippel, Sarah Kessler, Juliana Kohler, Devaki Nambiar, Anne Palaia and Emma Williams for their coding work, and Caitlin Kennedy and Amy Medley for their coordination of the project. This research was supported by the World Health Organization, Department of HIV/AIDS, The US National Institute of Mental Health, grant number 1R01 MH071204, and The Horizons Program. The Horizons Program is funded by The US Agency for International Development under the terms of HRN-A-00-97-00012-00.
PY - 2006/8
Y1 - 2006/8
N2 - This review systematically examined the effectiveness of 24 mass media interventions on changing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviors. The intervention studies were published from 1990 through 2004, reported data from developing countries and compared outcomes using (i) pre- and post-intervention data, (ii) treatment versus control (comparison) groups or (iii) post-intervention data across levels of exposure. The most frequently reported outcomes were condom use (17 studies) and knowledge of modes of HIV transmission (15), followed by reduction in high-risk sexual behavior (eight), perceived risk of contracting HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (six), interpersonal communication about AIDS or condom use (six), self-efficacy to negotiate condom use (four) and abstaining from sexual relations (three). The results yielded mixed results, and where statistically significant, the effect size was small to moderate (in some cases as low as 1-2% point increase). On two of the seven outcomes, at least half of the studies did show a positive impact of the mass media: knowledge of HIV transmission and reduction in high-risk sexual behavior. Further rigorous evaluation on comprehensive programs is required to provide a more definitive answer to the question of media effects on HIV/AIDS-related behavior in developing countries.
AB - This review systematically examined the effectiveness of 24 mass media interventions on changing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviors. The intervention studies were published from 1990 through 2004, reported data from developing countries and compared outcomes using (i) pre- and post-intervention data, (ii) treatment versus control (comparison) groups or (iii) post-intervention data across levels of exposure. The most frequently reported outcomes were condom use (17 studies) and knowledge of modes of HIV transmission (15), followed by reduction in high-risk sexual behavior (eight), perceived risk of contracting HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (six), interpersonal communication about AIDS or condom use (six), self-efficacy to negotiate condom use (four) and abstaining from sexual relations (three). The results yielded mixed results, and where statistically significant, the effect size was small to moderate (in some cases as low as 1-2% point increase). On two of the seven outcomes, at least half of the studies did show a positive impact of the mass media: knowledge of HIV transmission and reduction in high-risk sexual behavior. Further rigorous evaluation on comprehensive programs is required to provide a more definitive answer to the question of media effects on HIV/AIDS-related behavior in developing countries.
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U2 - 10.1093/her/cyl036
DO - 10.1093/her/cyl036
M3 - Review article
C2 - 16847044
AN - SCOPUS:33748154115
SN - 0268-1153
VL - 21
SP - 567
EP - 597
JO - Health education research
JF - Health education research
IS - 4
ER -