Abstract
Learning Objectives: After studying this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Categorize the patterns of midface fractures and the frequency of associated mandibular and frontal bone and nasoethmoid fractures. 2. Assess the patterns for treatment by either anterior or combined anterior and posterior approaches according to the need for facial width correction. 3. Evaluate the most frequent problems and complications observed following complicated facial injury repair and to identify areas where improvement is necessary. 4. Evaluate the kinds of soft-tissue deformity seen following creation of exposures for facial fracture repair and suggest how these deformities may be minimized. 5. Emphasize the frontal bone, the mandible, and intermaxillary fixation as indispensable structures for maintaining stability in complicated facial fracture repairs.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 1287-1307 |
Number of pages | 21 |
Journal | Plastic and reconstructive surgery |
Volume | 103 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Apr 1999 |
Externally published | Yes |
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Surgery