TY - JOUR
T1 - Subunit and whole molecule specificity of the anti-bovine casein immune response in recent onset psychosis and schizophrenia
AU - Severance, Emily G.
AU - Dickerson, Faith B.
AU - Halling, Meredith
AU - Krivogorsky, Bogdana
AU - Haile, Luladey
AU - Yang, Shuojia
AU - Stallings, Cassie R.
AU - Origoni, Andrea E.
AU - Bossis, Ioannis
AU - Xiao, Jianchun
AU - Dupont, Didier
AU - Haasnoot, Willem
AU - Yolken, Robert H.
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding for this study was provided by the Stanley Medical Research Institute . The funding source had no involvement in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the paper for publication.
PY - 2010/5
Y1 - 2010/5
N2 - Previous studies show increased antibody levels to bovine casein in some individuals with schizophrenia. The immunogenicity of specific domains of bovine casein varies among people with milk sensitivities and thus could vary among different neuropsychiatric disorders. Using ELISAs and immunoblotting, we characterized IgG class antibody specificity to whole bovine casein and to the αs, β, and κ subunits in individuals with recent onset psychosis (n=95), long-term schizophrenia (n=103), and non-psychiatric controls (n=65). In both patient groups, we found elevated IgG to casein proteins, particularly to whole casein and the αs subunit (p≤0.0001). Odds ratios of casein seroprevalence for recent onset psychosis (age-, gender-, race-, smoking-adjusted) were significant for whole casein (8.13, p≤0.0001), and the αs (7.89, p≤0.0001), β (5.23, p≤0.001) and κ (5.70, p≤0.0001) subunits. Odds ratios for long-term schizophrenia were significant for whole casein (7.85, p≤0.0001), and the αs (4.78, p≤0.003) and κ (4.92, p≤0.004) subunits. Within the recent onset group, odds ratios were particularly significant for a subgroup of people with psychotic disorders that included major depressive disorders (8.22-16.48, p≤0.0001). In a different recent onset subgroup (schizophrenia-spectrum disorders), PANSS scores for negative symptoms were correlated with casein antibody levels for the αs and κ subunits (p≤0.001-0.01). Immunoblotting patterns also exhibited group specificity, with κ predominant in recent onset and αs in schizophrenia (Fisher's Exact Test, p≤0.001). The elevated IgG and unique patterns of antibody specificity to bovine casein among diagnostic groups provide a rationale for clinical trials to evaluate efficacies of dietary modifications in individuals with neuropsychiatric diseases.
AB - Previous studies show increased antibody levels to bovine casein in some individuals with schizophrenia. The immunogenicity of specific domains of bovine casein varies among people with milk sensitivities and thus could vary among different neuropsychiatric disorders. Using ELISAs and immunoblotting, we characterized IgG class antibody specificity to whole bovine casein and to the αs, β, and κ subunits in individuals with recent onset psychosis (n=95), long-term schizophrenia (n=103), and non-psychiatric controls (n=65). In both patient groups, we found elevated IgG to casein proteins, particularly to whole casein and the αs subunit (p≤0.0001). Odds ratios of casein seroprevalence for recent onset psychosis (age-, gender-, race-, smoking-adjusted) were significant for whole casein (8.13, p≤0.0001), and the αs (7.89, p≤0.0001), β (5.23, p≤0.001) and κ (5.70, p≤0.0001) subunits. Odds ratios for long-term schizophrenia were significant for whole casein (7.85, p≤0.0001), and the αs (4.78, p≤0.003) and κ (4.92, p≤0.004) subunits. Within the recent onset group, odds ratios were particularly significant for a subgroup of people with psychotic disorders that included major depressive disorders (8.22-16.48, p≤0.0001). In a different recent onset subgroup (schizophrenia-spectrum disorders), PANSS scores for negative symptoms were correlated with casein antibody levels for the αs and κ subunits (p≤0.001-0.01). Immunoblotting patterns also exhibited group specificity, with κ predominant in recent onset and αs in schizophrenia (Fisher's Exact Test, p≤0.001). The elevated IgG and unique patterns of antibody specificity to bovine casein among diagnostic groups provide a rationale for clinical trials to evaluate efficacies of dietary modifications in individuals with neuropsychiatric diseases.
KW - Diet
KW - Immunology
KW - Mental illness
KW - Proteomics
KW - Psychotic disorders
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U2 - 10.1016/j.schres.2009.12.030
DO - 10.1016/j.schres.2009.12.030
M3 - Article
C2 - 20071146
AN - SCOPUS:77951978761
SN - 0920-9964
VL - 118
SP - 240
EP - 247
JO - Schizophrenia Research
JF - Schizophrenia Research
IS - 1-3
ER -