@article{1d7a200d8ed14bf78b1850859085c140,
title = "Stiffness is the cardinal symptom of inflammatory musculoskeletal diseases, yet still variably measured: Report from the OMERACT 2016 Stiffness Special Interest Group",
abstract = "Objective. The objectives of the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Stiffness special interest group (SIG) are to characterize stiffness as an outcome in rheumatic disease and to identify and validate a stiffness patient-reported outcome (PRO) in rheumatology. Methods. At OMERACT 2016, international groups presented and discussed results of several concurrent research projects on stiffness: a literature review of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) stiffness PRO measures, a qualitative investigation into the RA and polymyalgia rheumatica patient perspective of stiffness, data-driven stiffness conceptual model development, development and testing of an RA stiffness PRO measure, and a quantitative work testing stiffness items in patients with RA and psoriatic arthritis. Results. The literature review identified 52 individual stiffness PRO measures assessing morning or early morning stiffness severity/intensity or duration. Items were heterogeneous, had little or inconsistent psychometric property evidence, and did not appear to have been developed according to the PRO development guidelines. A poor match between current stiffness PRO and the conceptual model identifying the RA patient experience of stiffness was identified, highlighting a major flaw in PRO selection according to the OMERACT filter 2.0. Conclusion. Discussions within the Stiffness SIG highlighted the importance of further research on stiffness and defined a research agenda.",
keywords = "Omeract, Outcome measurement, Stiffness",
author = "Serena Halls and Premarani Sinnathurai and Sarah Hewlett and Mackie, {Sarah L.} and Lyn March and Bartlett, {Susan J.} and Bingham, {Clifton O.} and Rieke Alten and Ina Campbell and Hill, {Catherine L.} and Holt, {Robert J.} and Rod Hughes and Kirwan, {John R.} and Leong, {Amye L.} and Leung, {Ying Ying} and Anne Lyddiatt and Lorna Neill and Orbai, {Ana Maria}",
note = "Funding Information: From the Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of the West of England; University of Bristol Academic Rheumatology Unit, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds; Department of Rheumatology, Ashford and St. Peter{\textquoteright}s National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Chertsey; Patient Research Partner PMR-GCA Scotland, Forest Lodge, Foulden, Berwickshire, UK; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District; Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, New South Wales; University of Sydney, Sydney; Rheumatology Unit, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide; Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Division of Rheumatology, and Division Respiratory Epidemiology, McGill University/McGill University Health Centers, Montreal, Qu{\'e}bec; Patient Research Partner, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto; Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, Institute of Population Health, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Healthy Motivation and Global Alliance for Musculoskeletal Health the Bone and Joint Decade, Santa Barbara, California, USA; Schlosspark-Klinik, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Horizon Pharma LTD, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore. Attendance to OMERACT of 1 working group fellow and 1 patient research partner was supported by a research grant (to OMERACT) from Horizon Pharma. As part of the supplement series OMERACT 13, this report was reviewed internally and approved by the Guest Editors for integrity, accuracy, and consistency with scientific and ethical standards. S. Halls, PhD, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of the West of England; P. Sinnathurai, BSc(Med) MBBS, FRACP, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, and University of Sydney; S. Hewlett, PhD, RN, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of the West of England; S.L. Mackie, BM, BCh, PhD, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine; L. March, MD, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, and Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, and University of Sydney; S.J. Bartlett, MD, Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Division of Rheumatology, and Division Respiratory Epidemiology, McGill University/McGill University Health Centers, and Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; C.O. Bingham III, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; R. Alten, MD, Schlosspark-Klinik, University Medicine Berlin; I. Campbell, BEd LLB, Patient Research Partner, Toronto Western Hospital; C.L. Hill, MBBS, MD, MSc, FRACP, Staff Specialist, Rheumatology Unit, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, and Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide; R.J. Holt, PharmD, MBA, University of Illinois-Chicago, and Horizon Pharma LTD; R. Hughes, MA, MD, FRCP, Department of Rheumatology, Ashford and St. Peter{\textquoteright}s NHS Foundation Trust; J.R. Kirwan, MD, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of the West of England, and University of Bristol Academic Rheumatology Unit, Bristol Royal Infirmary; A.L. Leong, MBA, Patient Partner, Healthy Motivation and Global Alliance for Musculoskeletal Health the Bone and Joint Decade; Y.Y. Leung, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group, Institute of Population Health; L.M. Neill, BSc, CPhys, MInstP, Patient Research Partner, Trustee and Secretary, PMR-GCA Scotland; A.M. Morbai, MD, MHS, Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. Address correspondence to Dr. S. Halls, Academic Rheumatology Unit, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK. E-mail: serena.halls@uwe.ac.uk Publisher Copyright: Copyright {\textcopyright} 2017. All rights reserved.",
year = "2017",
month = dec,
day = "1",
doi = "10.3899/jrheum.161073",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "44",
pages = "1904--1910",
journal = "Journal of Rheumatology",
issn = "0315-162X",
publisher = "Journal of Rheumatology",
number = "12",
}