Static and dynamic removal of aquatic natural organic matter by carbon nanotubes

Gaurav S. Ajmani; Hyun Hee Cho; Talia E. Abbott Chalew; Kellogg J. Schwab; Joseph G. Jacangelo; Haiou Huang

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2014.04.030

Static and dynamic removal of aquatic natural organic matter by carbon nanotubes

Gaurav S. Ajmani, Hyun Hee Cho, Talia E. Abbott Chalew, Kellogg J. Schwab, Joseph G. Jacangelo, Haiou Huang

Bloomberg School of Public Health

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

33 Scopus citations

Abstract

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were investigated for their capability and mechanisms to simultaneously remove colloidal natural organic matter (NOM) and humic substances from natural surface water. Static removal testing was conducted via adsorption experiments while dynamic removal was evaluated by layering CNTs onto substrate membranes and filtering natural water through the CNT-layered membranes. Analyses of treated water samples showed that removal of humic substances occurred via adsorption under both static and dynamic conditions. Removal of colloidal NOM occurred at a moderate level of 36-66% in static conditions, independent of the specific surface area (SSA) of CNTs. Dynamic removal of colloidal NOM increased from approximately 15% with the unmodified membrane to 80-100% with the CNT-modified membranes. Depth filtration played an important role in colloidal NOM removal. A comparison of the static and dynamic removal of humic substances showed that equilibrium static removal was higher than dynamic (p<0.01), but there was also a significant linear relationship between static and dynamic removal (p<0.05). Accounting for contact time of CNTs with NOM during filtration, it appeared that CNT mat structure was an important determinant of removal efficiencies for colloidal NOM and humic substances during CNT membrane filtration.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	262-270
Number of pages	9
Journal	Water Research
Volume	59
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2014.04.030
State	Published - Aug 1 2014

Keywords

Carbon nanotube
Drinking water
Membrane filtration
Natural organic matter
Static adsorption

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Environmental Engineering
Civil and Structural Engineering
Ecological Modeling
Water Science and Technology
Waste Management and Disposal
Pollution

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10.1016/j.watres.2014.04.030

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title = "Static and dynamic removal of aquatic natural organic matter by carbon nanotubes",

abstract = "Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were investigated for their capability and mechanisms to simultaneously remove colloidal natural organic matter (NOM) and humic substances from natural surface water. Static removal testing was conducted via adsorption experiments while dynamic removal was evaluated by layering CNTs onto substrate membranes and filtering natural water through the CNT-layered membranes. Analyses of treated water samples showed that removal of humic substances occurred via adsorption under both static and dynamic conditions. Removal of colloidal NOM occurred at a moderate level of 36-66% in static conditions, independent of the specific surface area (SSA) of CNTs. Dynamic removal of colloidal NOM increased from approximately 15% with the unmodified membrane to 80-100% with the CNT-modified membranes. Depth filtration played an important role in colloidal NOM removal. A comparison of the static and dynamic removal of humic substances showed that equilibrium static removal was higher than dynamic (p<0.01), but there was also a significant linear relationship between static and dynamic removal (p<0.05). Accounting for contact time of CNTs with NOM during filtration, it appeared that CNT mat structure was an important determinant of removal efficiencies for colloidal NOM and humic substances during CNT membrane filtration.",

keywords = "Carbon nanotube, Drinking water, Membrane filtration, Natural organic matter, Static adsorption",

author = "Ajmani, {Gaurav S.} and Cho, {Hyun Hee} and {Abbott Chalew}, {Talia E.} and Schwab, {Kellogg J.} and Jacangelo, {Joseph G.} and Haiou Huang",

note = "Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Dr. Howard Fairbrother and his research team for their insightful discussions during this research and for providing functionalized CNTs. Dr. Benoit Teychene is acknowledged for reviewing this manuscript and providing useful comments. This study was funded by a SEED Grant from the Environment, Energy, Sustainability and Health Institute (E 2 SHI) of Johns Hopkins University (JHU) . Additional funding was provided by JHU Bloomberg School of Public Health , the JHU Global Water Program , the Osprey Foundation of Maryland , and the special fund of State Joint Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control of China ( 27042GK ). ",

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AU - Ajmani, Gaurav S.

AU - Cho, Hyun Hee

AU - Abbott Chalew, Talia E.

AU - Schwab, Kellogg J.

AU - Jacangelo, Joseph G.

AU - Huang, Haiou

N1 - Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Dr. Howard Fairbrother and his research team for their insightful discussions during this research and for providing functionalized CNTs. Dr. Benoit Teychene is acknowledged for reviewing this manuscript and providing useful comments. This study was funded by a SEED Grant from the Environment, Energy, Sustainability and Health Institute (E 2 SHI) of Johns Hopkins University (JHU) . Additional funding was provided by JHU Bloomberg School of Public Health , the JHU Global Water Program , the Osprey Foundation of Maryland , and the special fund of State Joint Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control of China ( 27042GK ).

PY - 2014/8/1

Y1 - 2014/8/1

N2 - Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were investigated for their capability and mechanisms to simultaneously remove colloidal natural organic matter (NOM) and humic substances from natural surface water. Static removal testing was conducted via adsorption experiments while dynamic removal was evaluated by layering CNTs onto substrate membranes and filtering natural water through the CNT-layered membranes. Analyses of treated water samples showed that removal of humic substances occurred via adsorption under both static and dynamic conditions. Removal of colloidal NOM occurred at a moderate level of 36-66% in static conditions, independent of the specific surface area (SSA) of CNTs. Dynamic removal of colloidal NOM increased from approximately 15% with the unmodified membrane to 80-100% with the CNT-modified membranes. Depth filtration played an important role in colloidal NOM removal. A comparison of the static and dynamic removal of humic substances showed that equilibrium static removal was higher than dynamic (p<0.01), but there was also a significant linear relationship between static and dynamic removal (p<0.05). Accounting for contact time of CNTs with NOM during filtration, it appeared that CNT mat structure was an important determinant of removal efficiencies for colloidal NOM and humic substances during CNT membrane filtration.

AB - Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were investigated for their capability and mechanisms to simultaneously remove colloidal natural organic matter (NOM) and humic substances from natural surface water. Static removal testing was conducted via adsorption experiments while dynamic removal was evaluated by layering CNTs onto substrate membranes and filtering natural water through the CNT-layered membranes. Analyses of treated water samples showed that removal of humic substances occurred via adsorption under both static and dynamic conditions. Removal of colloidal NOM occurred at a moderate level of 36-66% in static conditions, independent of the specific surface area (SSA) of CNTs. Dynamic removal of colloidal NOM increased from approximately 15% with the unmodified membrane to 80-100% with the CNT-modified membranes. Depth filtration played an important role in colloidal NOM removal. A comparison of the static and dynamic removal of humic substances showed that equilibrium static removal was higher than dynamic (p<0.01), but there was also a significant linear relationship between static and dynamic removal (p<0.05). Accounting for contact time of CNTs with NOM during filtration, it appeared that CNT mat structure was an important determinant of removal efficiencies for colloidal NOM and humic substances during CNT membrane filtration.

KW - Carbon nanotube

KW - Drinking water

KW - Membrane filtration

KW - Natural organic matter

KW - Static adsorption

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VL - 59

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ER -

Static and dynamic removal of aquatic natural organic matter by carbon nanotubes

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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