TY - JOUR
T1 - Speech audiometry findings from HIV+ and HIV− adults in the MACS and WIHS longitudinal cohort studies
AU - Torre, Peter
AU - Hoffman, Howard J.
AU - Springer, Gayle
AU - Cox, Christopher
AU - Young, Mary A.
AU - Margolick, Joseph B.
AU - Plankey, Michael
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), National Institutes of Health (NIH) via interagency agreement with the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH for Cooperative Agreements U01 AI-035042-18 (MACS) and U01 AI-034994-17 (WIHS). Support of the Baltimore-Washington, DC MACS site was provided by the NIAID, with additional supplemental funding from the National Cancer Institute (U01-AI-35042) and ICTR (UL1-RR025005). Support of the Metropolitan Washington, DC WIHS site was provided by the NIAID (U01-AI-34994) and by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH (U01-HD-32632).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2016/11/1
Y1 - 2016/11/1
N2 - The purpose of this study was to compare various speech audiometry measures between HIV+ and HIV− adults and to further evaluate the association between speech audiometry and HIV disease variables in HIV+ adults only. Three hundred ninety-six adults from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) and Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) completed speech audiometry testing. There were 262 men, of whom 117 (44.7%) were HIV+, and 134 women, of whom 105 (78.4%) were HIV+. Speech audiometry was conducted as part of the standard clinical audiological evaluation that included otoscopy, tympanometry, and pure-tone air- and bone-conduction thresholds. Specific speech audiometry measures included speech recognition thresholds (SRT) and word recognition scores in quiet presented at 40 dB sensation level (SL) in reference to the SRT. SRT data were categorized in 5-dB steps from 0 to 25 dB hearing level (HL) with one category as ≥30 dB HL while word recognition scores were categorized as <90%, 90–99%, and 100%. A generalized estimating equations model was used to evaluate the association between HIV status and both ordinal outcomes. The SRT distributions across HIV+ and HIV− adults were similar. HIV+ and HIV− adults had a similar percentages of word recognition scores <90%, a lower percentage of HIV− adults had 90–99%, but HIV− adults had a higher percentage of 100%. After adjusting for covariables, HIV+ adults were borderline significantly more likely to have a higher SRT than HIV− adults (odds ratio [OR] = 1.45, p = 0.06). Among HIV+ adults, HIV-related variables (i.e., CD4+ T-cell counts, HIV viral load, and ever history of clinical AIDS) were not significantly associated with either SRT or word recognition score data. There was, however, a ceiling effect for word recognition scores, probably the result of obtaining this measure in quiet with a relatively high presentation level. A more complex listening task, such as speech-in-noise testing, may be a more clinically informative test to evaluate the effects of HIV on speech communication.
AB - The purpose of this study was to compare various speech audiometry measures between HIV+ and HIV− adults and to further evaluate the association between speech audiometry and HIV disease variables in HIV+ adults only. Three hundred ninety-six adults from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) and Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) completed speech audiometry testing. There were 262 men, of whom 117 (44.7%) were HIV+, and 134 women, of whom 105 (78.4%) were HIV+. Speech audiometry was conducted as part of the standard clinical audiological evaluation that included otoscopy, tympanometry, and pure-tone air- and bone-conduction thresholds. Specific speech audiometry measures included speech recognition thresholds (SRT) and word recognition scores in quiet presented at 40 dB sensation level (SL) in reference to the SRT. SRT data were categorized in 5-dB steps from 0 to 25 dB hearing level (HL) with one category as ≥30 dB HL while word recognition scores were categorized as <90%, 90–99%, and 100%. A generalized estimating equations model was used to evaluate the association between HIV status and both ordinal outcomes. The SRT distributions across HIV+ and HIV− adults were similar. HIV+ and HIV− adults had a similar percentages of word recognition scores <90%, a lower percentage of HIV− adults had 90–99%, but HIV− adults had a higher percentage of 100%. After adjusting for covariables, HIV+ adults were borderline significantly more likely to have a higher SRT than HIV− adults (odds ratio [OR] = 1.45, p = 0.06). Among HIV+ adults, HIV-related variables (i.e., CD4+ T-cell counts, HIV viral load, and ever history of clinical AIDS) were not significantly associated with either SRT or word recognition score data. There was, however, a ceiling effect for word recognition scores, probably the result of obtaining this measure in quiet with a relatively high presentation level. A more complex listening task, such as speech-in-noise testing, may be a more clinically informative test to evaluate the effects of HIV on speech communication.
KW - Adults
KW - HIV
KW - Speech audiometry
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84979784081&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84979784081&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2016.07.004
DO - 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2016.07.004
M3 - Article
C2 - 27477593
AN - SCOPUS:84979784081
SN - 0021-9924
VL - 64
SP - 103
EP - 109
JO - Journal of Communication Disorders
JF - Journal of Communication Disorders
ER -