TY - JOUR
T1 - Socio-demographics and the development of malaria elimination strategies in the low transmission setting
AU - Chuquiyauri, Raul
AU - Paredes, Maribel
AU - Peñataro, Pablo
AU - Torres, Sonia
AU - Marin, Silvia
AU - Tenorio, Alexander
AU - Brouwer, Kimberly C.
AU - Abeles, Shira
AU - Llanos-Cuentas, Alejandro
AU - Gilman, Robert H.
AU - Kosek, Margaret
AU - Vinetz, Joseph M.
N1 - Funding Information:
We wish to acknowledge the critical and far-reaching efforts of Paula Maguina, Staff Research Associate at UC San Diego for her high level of bioethics, scientific and logistical expertise that was essential in assuring the success of this project.The guidance and inspiration from Drs. Stephanie Brodine, John Weeks, and Richard Garfein, members of Dr. Chuquiyauri's thesis committee in the San Diego State University-University of California San Diego Doctoral Program in Global Health (supported by NIH grant R25TW007500), is gratefully acknowledged.
Funding Information:
This work was supported by U.S. Public Health Service grants D43TW007120 , 1R01AI067727 , U19AI089681 , K24AI068903 , and R01R0145999 .
PY - 2012/3
Y1 - 2012/3
N2 - This analysis presents a comprehensive description of malaria burden and risk factors in Peruvian Amazon villages where malaria transmission is hypoendemic. More than 9000 subjects were studied in contrasting village settings within the Department of Loreto, Peru, where most malaria occurs in the country. Plasmodium vivax is responsible for more than 75% of malaria cases; severe disease from any form of malaria is uncommon and death rare. The association between lifetime malaria episodes and individual and household covariates was studied using polychotomous logistic regression analysis, assessing effects on odds of some vs. no lifetime malaria episodes. Malaria morbidity during lifetime was strongly associated with age, logging, farming, travel history, and living with a logger or agriculturist. Select groups of adults, particularly loggers and agriculturists acquire multiple malaria infections in transmission settings outside of the main domicile, and may be mobile human reservoirs by which malaria parasites move within and between micro-regions within malaria endemic settings. For example, such individuals might well be reservoirs of transmission by introducing or reintroducing malaria into their home villages and their own households, depending on vector ecology and the local village setting. Therefore, socio-demographic studies can identify people with the epidemiological characteristic of transmission risk, and these individuals would be prime targets against which to deploy transmission blocking strategies along with insecticide treated bednets and chemoprophylaxis.
AB - This analysis presents a comprehensive description of malaria burden and risk factors in Peruvian Amazon villages where malaria transmission is hypoendemic. More than 9000 subjects were studied in contrasting village settings within the Department of Loreto, Peru, where most malaria occurs in the country. Plasmodium vivax is responsible for more than 75% of malaria cases; severe disease from any form of malaria is uncommon and death rare. The association between lifetime malaria episodes and individual and household covariates was studied using polychotomous logistic regression analysis, assessing effects on odds of some vs. no lifetime malaria episodes. Malaria morbidity during lifetime was strongly associated with age, logging, farming, travel history, and living with a logger or agriculturist. Select groups of adults, particularly loggers and agriculturists acquire multiple malaria infections in transmission settings outside of the main domicile, and may be mobile human reservoirs by which malaria parasites move within and between micro-regions within malaria endemic settings. For example, such individuals might well be reservoirs of transmission by introducing or reintroducing malaria into their home villages and their own households, depending on vector ecology and the local village setting. Therefore, socio-demographic studies can identify people with the epidemiological characteristic of transmission risk, and these individuals would be prime targets against which to deploy transmission blocking strategies along with insecticide treated bednets and chemoprophylaxis.
KW - Epidemiology
KW - Malaria
KW - Neotropical
KW - South America
KW - Transmission
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U2 - 10.1016/j.actatropica.2011.11.003
DO - 10.1016/j.actatropica.2011.11.003
M3 - Article
C2 - 22100446
AN - SCOPUS:84857653437
SN - 0001-706X
VL - 121
SP - 292
EP - 302
JO - Acta Tropica
JF - Acta Tropica
IS - 3
ER -