@article{a70b4486d6a441059c1e3d92acf08891,
title = "Simulating the Impact of Crime on African American Women's Physical Activity and Obesity",
abstract = "Objective: The objective of this study was to quantify the impact of crime on physical activity location accessibility, leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), and obesity among African American women. Methods: An agent-based model was developed in 2016 to represent resource-limited Washington, DC, communities and their populations to simulate the impact of crime on LTPA and obesity among African American women under different circumstances. Results: Data analysis conducted between 2016 and 2017 found that in the baseline scenario, African American women had a 25% probability of exercising. Reducing crime so more physical activity locations were accessible (increasing from 10% to 50%) decreased the annual rise in obesity prevalence by 2.69%. Increasing the probability of African American women to exercise to 37.5% further increased the impact of reducing crime on obesity (2.91% annual decrease in obesity prevalence). Conclusions: These simulations showed that crime may serve as a barrier to LTPA. Reducing crime and increasing propensity to exercise through multilevel interventions (i.e., economic development initiatives to increase time available for physical activity and subsidized health care) may promote greater than linear declines in obesity prevalence. Crime prevention strategies alone can help prevent obesity, but combining such efforts with other ways to encourage physical activity can yield even greater benefits.",
author = "Powell-Wiley, {Tiffany M.} and Wong, {Michelle S.} and Joel Adu-Brimpong and Brown, {Shawn T.} and Hertenstein, {Daniel L.} and Eli Zenkov and Ferguson, {Marie C.} and Samantha Thomas and Dana Sampson and Chaarushi Ahuja and Joshua Rivers and Lee, {Bruce Y.}",
note = "Funding Information: Funding agencies: The project was supported by the Global Obesity Prevention Center (GOPC) and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD). The project is cofunded by the NICHD and the Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research (OBSSR). This project is also funded by the NICHD via grant U01HD086861 and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) via grant R01HS023317. This project is also funded by contract HHSN268201600067P through the Division of Intramural Research at the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The Powell-Wiley research group is funded by the Division of Intramural Research of the NHLBI at the NIH. This research is also supported by the National Institutes of Health Undergraduate Scholarship Program via funding for Joel Adu-Brimpong and Samantha Thomas. Joshua River{\textquoteright}s participation was made possible through the NIH Medical Research Scholars Program, a public-private partnership supported jointly by the NIH and generous contributions to the Foundation for the NIH (FNIH) from the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation, the American Association for Dental Research, the Colgate-Palmolive Company, Genentech, and alumni of student research programs and other individual supporters via contributions to the FNIH. For a complete list, please visit the Foundation website at: http://fnih.org/mrsp. The views expressed in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the the NIH, AHRQ, or the US Department of Health and Human Services. None of the study sponsors had any role in the study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, writing the report, or the decision to submit the report for publication. Disclosure: The authors declared no conflict of interest. Author contributions: TMPW provided expert guidance and leadership throughout the project; she was involved throughout model development, parameterizing the model, data analysis, and writing the manuscript. MSW provided leadership and managed the study. She was involved at each stage of model development, parameterizing the model, running simulations, data analysis, and writing the manuscript. JAB focused on parameterizing the model, analyzing the output, and contributing to manuscript writing. STB provided expert guidance throughout the project and was involved at each stage of model development, parameterizing the model, running simulations, programming the model, data analysis, and writing the manuscript. DLH focused on programming the model, running simulations, analyzing output, developing figures, and contributing to manuscript writing. EZ focused on programming the model, running simulations, and developing figures. MCF focused on developing the model, analyzing output, and writing the manuscript. ST focused on developing and parameterizing the model and contributed to manuscript writing. DS provided contextual information about physical activity among African American women and crime and contributed to model development and manuscript editing. CA focused on parameterizing the model, analyzing output, and contributing to manuscript writing. JR focused on parameterizing the model, analyzing output, and contributing to manuscript writing. BYL provided expert guidance throughout the project. He was involved throughout the project, guiding model development, determining appropriate simulations, and writing the manuscript. Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article. Received: 12 May 2017; Accepted: 29 August 2017; Published online 31 October 2017. doi:10.1002/oby.22040",
year = "2017",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1002/oby.22040",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "25",
pages = "2149--2155",
journal = "Obesity",
issn = "1930-7381",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",
number = "12",
}