TY - JOUR
T1 - Sex Differences in the Association of Cumulative Body Mass Index from Early Adulthood to Middle Age and Left Atrial Remodeling Evaluated by Three-Dimensional Echocardiography
T2 - The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study
AU - Doria de Vasconcellos, Henrique
AU - Betoko, Aisha
AU - Ciuffo, Luisa A.
AU - Moreira, Henrique T.
AU - Nwabuo, Chike C.
AU - Ambale-Venkatesh, Bharath
AU - Reis, Jared P.
AU - Allen, Norrina
AU - Lloyd-Jones, Donald M.
AU - Colangelo, Laura A.
AU - Schreiner, Pamela J.
AU - Lewis, Cora E.
AU - Shikany, James M.
AU - Sidney, Stephen
AU - Cox, Christopher
AU - Gidding, Samuel S.
AU - Lima, Joao A.C.
N1 - Funding Information:
The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study is conducted and supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute in collaboration with the University of Alabama at Birmingham ( HHSN268201800005I and HHSN268201800007I ), Northwestern University ( HHSN268201800003I ), University of Minnesota ( HHSN268201800006I ), and Kaiser Foundation Research Institute ( HHSN268201800004I ). This manuscript has been reviewed by CARDIA for scientific content. The views expressed in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the National Institutes of Health, or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Funding Information:
The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study is conducted and supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute in collaboration with the University of Alabama at Birmingham (HHSN268201800005I and HHSN268201800007I), Northwestern University (HHSN268201800003I), University of Minnesota (HHSN268201800006I), and Kaiser Foundation Research Institute (HHSN268201800004I). This manuscript has been reviewed by CARDIA for scientific content. The views expressed in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the National Institutes of Health, or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 American Society of Echocardiography
PY - 2020/7
Y1 - 2020/7
N2 - Background: The relationship between long-term obesity and left atrial (LA) structure and function is not entirely understood. We examined the association of cumulative body mass index (cBMI) with LA remodeling using three-dimensional (3D) speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE). Methods: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study is a community-based cohort of black and white, men and women, ages 18-30 years at baseline in 1985-86 from four U.S. centers. This study included 2,144 participants who had satisfactory image quality and body mass index measurements during the entire follow-up period. The 3D STE-derived LA parameters were maximum, minimum, and pretrial contraction volumes; total, passive, and active emptying fraction; maximum systolic longitudinal strain; and early and late diastolic longitudinal strain rates. Multivariable linear regression analyses stratified by sex assessed the relationship between cBMI and 3D STE-derived LA parameters, adjusting for demographics and traditional cardiovascular. Results: The mean age of the cohort was 55 ± 3.6 years; 54.8% were women, and 46.5% were black. There were statistically significant additive sex interactions for the association between cBMI and LA minimum contraction value, maximum systolic longitudinal strain, and early and late diastolic longitudinal strain rates. In the fully adjusted model, greater cBMI was associated with lower magnitude LA longitudinal deformation (maximum systolic longitudinal strain and early and late diastolic longitudinal strain rates) in men and with higher LA emptying fraction in women. In addition, greater cBMI was associated with higher LA phasic volumes indices in both men and women. Conclusions: This study showed that while greater cBMI from early adulthood throughout middle age was associated with higher LA volumes in both genders, differences were found for LA function, with lower longitudinal deformation in men and higher reservoir and active LA function in women.
AB - Background: The relationship between long-term obesity and left atrial (LA) structure and function is not entirely understood. We examined the association of cumulative body mass index (cBMI) with LA remodeling using three-dimensional (3D) speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE). Methods: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study is a community-based cohort of black and white, men and women, ages 18-30 years at baseline in 1985-86 from four U.S. centers. This study included 2,144 participants who had satisfactory image quality and body mass index measurements during the entire follow-up period. The 3D STE-derived LA parameters were maximum, minimum, and pretrial contraction volumes; total, passive, and active emptying fraction; maximum systolic longitudinal strain; and early and late diastolic longitudinal strain rates. Multivariable linear regression analyses stratified by sex assessed the relationship between cBMI and 3D STE-derived LA parameters, adjusting for demographics and traditional cardiovascular. Results: The mean age of the cohort was 55 ± 3.6 years; 54.8% were women, and 46.5% were black. There were statistically significant additive sex interactions for the association between cBMI and LA minimum contraction value, maximum systolic longitudinal strain, and early and late diastolic longitudinal strain rates. In the fully adjusted model, greater cBMI was associated with lower magnitude LA longitudinal deformation (maximum systolic longitudinal strain and early and late diastolic longitudinal strain rates) in men and with higher LA emptying fraction in women. In addition, greater cBMI was associated with higher LA phasic volumes indices in both men and women. Conclusions: This study showed that while greater cBMI from early adulthood throughout middle age was associated with higher LA volumes in both genders, differences were found for LA function, with lower longitudinal deformation in men and higher reservoir and active LA function in women.
KW - 3D echocardiography
KW - Body mass index
KW - Gender
KW - Left atrium remodeling
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U2 - 10.1016/j.echo.2020.02.013
DO - 10.1016/j.echo.2020.02.013
M3 - Article
C2 - 32336609
AN - SCOPUS:85083547535
SN - 0894-7317
VL - 33
SP - 878-887.e3
JO - Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography
JF - Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography
IS - 7
ER -