TY - JOUR
T1 - Self-Powered Direct Muscle Stimulation Using a Triboelectric Nanogenerator (TENG) Integrated with a Flexible Multiple-Channel Intramuscular Electrode
AU - Wang, Jiahui
AU - Wang, Hao
AU - Thakor, Nitish V.
AU - Lee, Chengkuo
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Dr. Shih-Cheng Yen for helpful discussions on the manuscript, and Han Wu, Li Jing Ong and Dr. Wendy Yen Xian Peh for the experiment setup support. We also thank Gammad Gil Gerald Lasam for the animal experiment support. This work was supported by the following grant from the National Research Foundation: Competitive Research Project ‘Peripheral Nerve Prostheses: A Paradigm Shift in Restoring Dexterous Limb Function’ (NRF-CRP10-2012-01), and the grant from the HIFES Seed Funding: ‘Hybrid Integration of Flexible Power Source and Pressure Sensors’ (R-263-501-012-133).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 American Chemical Society.
PY - 2019/3/26
Y1 - 2019/3/26
N2 - Muscle function loss can result from multiple nervous system diseases including spinal cord injury (SCI), stroke, and multiple sclerosis (MS). Electrical muscle stimulation is clinically employed for rehabilitative and therapeutic purpose and typically requires mA-level stimulation current. Here, we report electrical muscle stimulation, which is directly powered by a stacked-layer triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) through a flexible multiple-channel intramuscular electrode. This multiple-channel intramuscular electrode allows mapping of motoneurons that is sparsely distributed in the muscle tissue and thus enables high efficiency TENG muscle stimulation, although the short-circuit current of the TENG is only 35 μA. With a stimulation efficiency matrix, we find the electrical muscle stimulation efficiency is affected by two factors, namely, the electrode-motoneuron position, and the stimulation waveform polarity. To test whether it is a universal phenomenon for electrical stimulation, we then further investigate with the conventional square wave current stimulation and confirm that the stimulation efficiency is also affected by these two factors. Thus, we develop a self-powered direct muscle stimulation system with a TENG as power source and waveform generator, and a multiple-channel intramuscular electrode to allow motoneuron mapping for stimulation efficiency optimization. We believe such self-powered system could be potentially used for rehabilitative and therapeutic purpose to treat muscle function loss.
AB - Muscle function loss can result from multiple nervous system diseases including spinal cord injury (SCI), stroke, and multiple sclerosis (MS). Electrical muscle stimulation is clinically employed for rehabilitative and therapeutic purpose and typically requires mA-level stimulation current. Here, we report electrical muscle stimulation, which is directly powered by a stacked-layer triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) through a flexible multiple-channel intramuscular electrode. This multiple-channel intramuscular electrode allows mapping of motoneurons that is sparsely distributed in the muscle tissue and thus enables high efficiency TENG muscle stimulation, although the short-circuit current of the TENG is only 35 μA. With a stimulation efficiency matrix, we find the electrical muscle stimulation efficiency is affected by two factors, namely, the electrode-motoneuron position, and the stimulation waveform polarity. To test whether it is a universal phenomenon for electrical stimulation, we then further investigate with the conventional square wave current stimulation and confirm that the stimulation efficiency is also affected by these two factors. Thus, we develop a self-powered direct muscle stimulation system with a TENG as power source and waveform generator, and a multiple-channel intramuscular electrode to allow motoneuron mapping for stimulation efficiency optimization. We believe such self-powered system could be potentially used for rehabilitative and therapeutic purpose to treat muscle function loss.
KW - electrical muscle stimulation
KW - electrode-motoneuron position
KW - self-powered
KW - stimulation efficiency
KW - stimulation waveform
KW - triboelectric direct stimulation without rectification
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U2 - 10.1021/acsnano.9b00140
DO - 10.1021/acsnano.9b00140
M3 - Article
C2 - 30875191
AN - SCOPUS:85063123777
SN - 1936-0851
VL - 13
SP - 3589
EP - 3599
JO - ACS Nano
JF - ACS Nano
IS - 3
ER -