TY - JOUR
T1 - Secondhand smoke exposure in public and private high-rise multiunit housing serving low-income residents in New York City prior to federal smoking ban in public housing, 2018
AU - Anastasiou, Elle
AU - Feinberg, Alexis
AU - Tovar, Albert
AU - Gill, Emily
AU - Ruzmyn Vilcassim, M. J.
AU - Wyka, Katarzyna
AU - Gordon, Terry
AU - Rule, Ana M.
AU - Kaplan, Sue
AU - Elbel, Brian
AU - Shelley, Donna
AU - Thorpe, Lorna E.
N1 - Funding Information:
This manuscript describes the SHS exposure assessment component of a larger study. The work reported in this publication was supported by the National Cancer Institute of the National Institute of Health under Award Number R01CA220591 . The effort of Dr. Thorpe is also supported in part by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Grant U48DP006396-01-01. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official news of the National Institutes of Health .
Funding Information:
The authors of this manuscript would like to acknowledge the contributions made by Andrea Mata and Anne-Marie Flatley from the New York City Housing Authority, Health Initiatives Department. Additionally, the PM measurements were supported by the Inhalation Facility Core of NYU's National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Center and Excellence (ES000260). This manuscript describes the SHS exposure assessment component of a larger study. The work reported in this publication was supported by the National Cancer Institute of the National Institute of Health under Award Number R01CA220591. The effort of Dr. Thorpe is also supported in part by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Grant U48DP006396-01-01. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official news of the National Institutes of Health. The study protocol and procedures were approved by the Institutional Review Board at the New York University School of Medicine on July 20, 2017; IRB number: i17-00968. Written informed consent is obtained from study participants by trained field staff and Memorandums of Understanding were signed by all institutions involved for the appropriate exchange of data following good clinical practice and HIPAA compliance. The study provides participants? households with information on the aggregate results of the air monitoring in their respective buildings. EA, AF and LT made substantial contributions to the conception, design, drafts, and revision of this manuscript up until its submission. LT and DS are the Co-Principal Investigators of this study and conceptualized the initial project protocol, guided overall study design and implementation, and engaged substantially in the revising of this manuscript. SK, BE, AR, and TG contributed to the conceptual development of the study and edited the original grant protocol and manuscript. AT, EG and MV led the development of data collection protocols and quality control procedures. LT and TG reviewed the data analysis plan for clarity and accuracy. KW led the drafting and revision of the data analysis sections. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Funding Information:
The authors of this manuscript would like to acknowledge the contributions made by Andrea Mata and Anne-Marie Flatley from the New York City Housing Authority, Health Initiatives Department. Additionally, the PM measurements were supported by the Inhalation Facility Core of NYU’s National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Center and Excellence (ES000260).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2020/2/20
Y1 - 2020/2/20
N2 - Background: Tobacco remains the leading cause of preventable death in the United States, with 41,000 deaths attributable to secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure. On July 30, 2018, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development passed a rule requiring public housing authorities to implement smoke-free housing (SFH) policies. Objectives: Prior to SFH policy implementation, we measured self-reported and objective SHS incursions in a purposeful sample of 21 high-rise buildings (>15 floors) in New York City (NYC): 10 public housing and 11 private sector buildings where most residents receive federal housing subsidies (herein ‘Section 8’ buildings). Methods: We conducted a baseline telephone survey targeting all residents living on the 3rd floor or higher of selected buildings: NYC Housing Authority (NYCHA) residents were surveyed in April-July 2018 (n = 559), and residents in ‘Section 8’ buildings in August-November 2018 (n = 471). We invited non-smoking household participants to enroll into a longitudinal air monitoring study to track SHS exposure using: (1) nicotine concentration from passive, bisulfate-coated nicotine filters and (2) particulate matter (PM2.5) from low-cost particle monitors. SHS was measured for 7-days in non-smoking households (NYCHA n = 157, Section 8 n = 118 households) and in building common areas (n = 91 hallways and stairwells). Results: Smoking prevalence among residents in the 21 buildings was 15.5%. Two-thirds of residents reported seeing people smoke in common areas in the past year (67%) and 60% reported smelling smoke in their apartments coming from elsewhere. Most stairwells (88%) and hallways (74%) had detectable nicotine levels, but nicotine was detected in only 9.9% of non-smoking apartments. Substantial variation in nicotine and PM2.5 was observed between and within buildings; on average nicotine concentrations were higher in NYCHA apartments and hallways than in Section 8 buildings (p < 0.05), and NYCHA residents reported seeing smokers in common areas more frequently. Conclusions: SFH policies may help in successfully reducing SHS exposure in public housing, but widespread pre-policy incursions suggest achieving SFH will be challenging.
AB - Background: Tobacco remains the leading cause of preventable death in the United States, with 41,000 deaths attributable to secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure. On July 30, 2018, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development passed a rule requiring public housing authorities to implement smoke-free housing (SFH) policies. Objectives: Prior to SFH policy implementation, we measured self-reported and objective SHS incursions in a purposeful sample of 21 high-rise buildings (>15 floors) in New York City (NYC): 10 public housing and 11 private sector buildings where most residents receive federal housing subsidies (herein ‘Section 8’ buildings). Methods: We conducted a baseline telephone survey targeting all residents living on the 3rd floor or higher of selected buildings: NYC Housing Authority (NYCHA) residents were surveyed in April-July 2018 (n = 559), and residents in ‘Section 8’ buildings in August-November 2018 (n = 471). We invited non-smoking household participants to enroll into a longitudinal air monitoring study to track SHS exposure using: (1) nicotine concentration from passive, bisulfate-coated nicotine filters and (2) particulate matter (PM2.5) from low-cost particle monitors. SHS was measured for 7-days in non-smoking households (NYCHA n = 157, Section 8 n = 118 households) and in building common areas (n = 91 hallways and stairwells). Results: Smoking prevalence among residents in the 21 buildings was 15.5%. Two-thirds of residents reported seeing people smoke in common areas in the past year (67%) and 60% reported smelling smoke in their apartments coming from elsewhere. Most stairwells (88%) and hallways (74%) had detectable nicotine levels, but nicotine was detected in only 9.9% of non-smoking apartments. Substantial variation in nicotine and PM2.5 was observed between and within buildings; on average nicotine concentrations were higher in NYCHA apartments and hallways than in Section 8 buildings (p < 0.05), and NYCHA residents reported seeing smokers in common areas more frequently. Conclusions: SFH policies may help in successfully reducing SHS exposure in public housing, but widespread pre-policy incursions suggest achieving SFH will be challenging.
KW - Air nicotine
KW - Air quality
KW - Multiunit housing
KW - PM
KW - Policy
KW - Public housing authority
KW - Secondhand smoke
KW - Smoke-free housing
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U2 - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135322
DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135322
M3 - Article
C2 - 31787288
AN - SCOPUS:85076037268
SN - 0048-9697
VL - 704
JO - Science of the Total Environment
JF - Science of the Total Environment
M1 - 135322
ER -