TY - JOUR
T1 - Sarcopenic obesity and inflammation in the InCHIANTI study
AU - Schrager, Matthew A.
AU - Metter, E. Jeffrey
AU - Simonsick, Eleanor
AU - Ble, Alessandro
AU - Bandinelli, Stefania
AU - Lauretani, Fulvio
AU - Ferrucci, Luigi
N1 - Funding Information:
Stephen Rassenti is Associate Director of the Economic Science Laboratory, and an IFREE Distinguished Research Scholar in Economic System Design. He is also Vice President of Cybernomics Inc.; a company that consults in the use of experiments to design markets and examine strategic market dynamics. He received his Bachelor's degree in mathematics from Loyola of Montreal, and his Ph.D. in Systems Engineering from the University of Arizona. He has worked for Bell Laboratories as a system performance analyst, and prior to his Ph.D. he was the owner of a construction company. He has authored or coauthored over two dozen articles in various academic and industry journals, and been co-principal investigator on several National Sci- ence Foundation grants including a recer~tj oint Global Change grant to study the initiation of a market for water in the State of California. He has conducted research for the FERC' and the EIA concerning the feasibility of centrally coordinated dispatch for a national natural gas market, and has consulted with the National Grid Management Council in evaluating the proposed nrarket rules for Australia's impending nationally coordinated powcr market. He is currently consulting with the Federal Communitzttions Commission on the design of a combinatorial auction mechanism for allocating packages of licenses.
Funding Information:
Vernon L. Smith is Regents' Professor of Economics, Research Director of the Economic Science Laboratory at the University of Ari- zona and founderlpresident of IFREE. He received his bachelor's degree in Electrical Engineering from (:a1 Tech, and his Ph.D. in Economics from Harvard. He has authored or co-authored over 150 articles and books on capital theory, finance, natural resource economics and experimental economics. He serves or has served on the Board of Editors of the American Econonric Review, The Cato Jountal, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, the Journal of Risk md Uncertainty, Science, Economic Theory, E:conomics Design, Games rlnd Economic Behavior, and the Journal of E'conomic Methodology. Hc is past president of the Public Choice Society, the Economic Science Association, the Western Economic Asstxiation and the Association for Private Enterprise Education. Previcus faculty appointments include Purdue University and Brown Universities and the University of Massachusetts. He has been a Ford Foundation Fellow, Fellow of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Science and a Sherman Fairchild Distinguished Scholar at the (Zalifornia Institute of Technology. The Cambridge University Press published Professor Smith's Papers in Experimental Economics in 1 99 1. He received an honor~ry Doctor of Management degree from Purdue University, and is a k l - low of the Econometric Society, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and the Amelican Academy of Arts and Sciences. He is a distinguished fellow of the American Economic Xs-sociation, an Andersen Consulting Professor of the Year, the 1!)95 Adam Smith award recipient conferred by the Associa tion for Private Enterprise Education. He was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 1995, and received Ca1 Tech's distinguished alumni award in 1996. He has served as a consultant on the privatization of electric power in Australia and New Zealand, participated in numerous private and public discussions of energy deregulation, and served as a Blue Ribbon Panc:l Member for the National Electric Reliability Council.
Funding Information:
Kevin McCabe is Professor of Economics and an Economic Science Laboratory Senior Research Scholar at the University of Arizona. He is also an IFREE (International Foundation for Research in Experimental Economics) Distinguished Research Scholar in Neuroeco-nomics. He received his bachelor's degree in Economics from Villanova University and his Ph.D. in Economics from the University of Pennsylvania. Previous faculty appointments include Associate Professor of Accounting in the Carlson School of Management at the University of Minnesota. He has authored or co-authored over 35 articles on market design, industrial organization, game theory, monetary theory, behavioral economics, and experimental economics, and has been a principal investigator on several National Science Foundation grants including a recent special creativity award to study the neural foundations of economic behavior. He is an Editorial Board member for the Review of Accounting Studies and Experimental Economics, and has served as a USAID Consultant in helping to establish the MBA program at the Warsaw School of Economics in Poland.
PY - 2007/3
Y1 - 2007/3
N2 - The aging process is often paralleled by decreases in muscle and increases in fat mass. At the extreme these two processes lead to a condition known as "sarcopenic obesity" (Roubenoff R. Ann NY Acad Sci 904: 553-557, 2000). Research suggests that inflammatory cytokines produced by adipose tissue, especially visceral fat, accelerate muscle catabolism and thus contribute to the vicious cycle that initiates and sustains sarcopenic obesity. We tested the hypothesis that obesity and poor muscle strength, hallmarks of sarcopenic obesity, are associated with high circulating levels of proinflammatory cytokines in a random sample of the residents of two municipalities in the Chianti geographic area (Tuscany, Italy). The study sample consisted of 378 men and 493 women 65 yr and older with complete data on anthropometrics, handgrip strength, and inflammatory markers. Participants were cross-classified according to sex-specific tertiles of waist circumference and grip strength and according to a cut point for obesity of body mass index ≥30 kg/m2. After adjusting for age, sex, education, smoking history, physical activity, and history of comorbid diseases, components of sarcopenic obesity were associated with elevated levels of IL-6, C-reactive protein, IL-1 receptor antagonist, and soluble IL-6 receptor (P < 0.05). Our findings suggest that global obesity and, to a greater extent, central obesity directly affect inflammation, which in turn negatively affects muscle strength, contributing to the development and progression of sarcopenic obesity. These results suggest that proinflammatory cytokines may be critical in both the development and progression of sarcopenic obesity.
AB - The aging process is often paralleled by decreases in muscle and increases in fat mass. At the extreme these two processes lead to a condition known as "sarcopenic obesity" (Roubenoff R. Ann NY Acad Sci 904: 553-557, 2000). Research suggests that inflammatory cytokines produced by adipose tissue, especially visceral fat, accelerate muscle catabolism and thus contribute to the vicious cycle that initiates and sustains sarcopenic obesity. We tested the hypothesis that obesity and poor muscle strength, hallmarks of sarcopenic obesity, are associated with high circulating levels of proinflammatory cytokines in a random sample of the residents of two municipalities in the Chianti geographic area (Tuscany, Italy). The study sample consisted of 378 men and 493 women 65 yr and older with complete data on anthropometrics, handgrip strength, and inflammatory markers. Participants were cross-classified according to sex-specific tertiles of waist circumference and grip strength and according to a cut point for obesity of body mass index ≥30 kg/m2. After adjusting for age, sex, education, smoking history, physical activity, and history of comorbid diseases, components of sarcopenic obesity were associated with elevated levels of IL-6, C-reactive protein, IL-1 receptor antagonist, and soluble IL-6 receptor (P < 0.05). Our findings suggest that global obesity and, to a greater extent, central obesity directly affect inflammation, which in turn negatively affects muscle strength, contributing to the development and progression of sarcopenic obesity. These results suggest that proinflammatory cytokines may be critical in both the development and progression of sarcopenic obesity.
KW - Central obesity
KW - Proinflammatory cytokines
KW - Sarcopenia
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33847767040&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=33847767040&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1152/japplphysiol.00627.2006
DO - 10.1152/japplphysiol.00627.2006
M3 - Article
C2 - 17095641
AN - SCOPUS:33847767040
VL - 102
SP - 919
EP - 925
JO - Journal of Applied Physiology
JF - Journal of Applied Physiology
SN - 0161-7567
IS - 3
ER -