Risk predictive modelling for diabetes and cardiovascular disease

Andre Pascal Kengne, Katya Masconi, Vivian Nchanchou Mbanya, Alain Lekoubou, Justin Basile Echouffo-Tcheugui, Tandi E. Matsha

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

15 Scopus citations

Abstract

Absolute risk models or clinical prediction models have been incorporated in guidelines, and are increasingly advocated as tools to assist risk stratification and guide prevention and treatments decisions relating to common health conditions such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes mellitus. We have reviewed the historical development and principles of prediction research, including their statistical underpinning, as well as implications for routine practice, with a focus on predictive modelling for CVD and diabetes. Predictive modelling for CVD risk, which has developed over the last five decades, has been largely influenced by the Framingham Heart Study investigators, while it is only ∼20 years ago that similar efforts were started in the field of diabetes. Identification of predictive factors is an important preliminary step which provides the knowledge base on potential predictors to be tested for inclusion during the statistical derivation of the final model. The derived models must then be tested both on the development sample (internal validation) and on other populations in different settings (external validation). Updating procedures (e.g. recalibration) should be used to improve the performance of models that fail the tests of external validation. Ultimately, the effect of introducing validated models in routine practice on the process and outcomes of care as well as its cost-effectiveness should be tested in impact studies before wide dissemination of models beyond the research context. Several predictions models have been developed for CVD or diabetes, but very few have been externally validated or tested in impact studies, and their comparative performance has yet to be fully assessed. A shift of focus from developing new CVD or diabetes prediction models to validating the existing ones will improve their adoption in routine practice.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1-12
Number of pages12
JournalCritical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences
Volume51
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Feb 2014
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Absolute risk
  • Calibration
  • Cardiovascular disease
  • Clinical prediction model
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Discrimination
  • Reclassification
  • Validation

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
  • Clinical Biochemistry
  • Biochemistry, medical

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Risk predictive modelling for diabetes and cardiovascular disease'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this