Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the association between maternal age, parity, gestational number (singleton vs twin), newborn gender and self-reported postpartum depressive symptoms (PDS) in a large multinational sample using survey data from a digital telephone application. Methods: Women using the Flo app answered a survey (available in 10 languages) from January 2018 to April 2020. A survey question asking about emotional state was used to determine the presence of PDS. Chi-squared statistics were used to compare groups. A weighted mean prevalence was calculated based upon the socioeconomic status and reproductive population of each country in 2020. Results: Over a million women from 138 countries participated. Of all respondents, 9.4% endorsed PDS. The weighted mean prevalence of PDS was 11%. We found that PDS decreased with advancing age. First-time mothers reported higher rates of PDS. Twin births were associated with a higher symptom burden than singleton births and mothers of twins in the oldest age group reported the greatest burden. We did not find a clinically significant difference in rates of PDS between mothers of singleton girls and boys. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this study is the first to examine risk factors for postpartum symptoms using the same survey across a large international population. These results can further research and clinical aims to identify and treat maternal depression more effectively. Limitations: Data was aggregated, thereby limiting analysis of individual associations. The survey was self-report and not diagnostic for postpartum depression. Generalizability of risks of postpartum depression should be approached with caution.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 345-351 |
Number of pages | 7 |
Journal | Journal of Affective Disorders |
Volume | 301 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Mar 15 2022 |
Keywords
- Gestational number
- Infant sex
- Maternal age
- Parity
- Postpartum depression
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Psychiatry and Mental health
- Clinical Psychology