TY - JOUR
T1 - Review of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-related opportunistic infections in sub-Saharan Africa
AU - Holmes, Charles B.
AU - Losina, Elena
AU - Walensky, Rochelle P.
AU - Yazdanpanah, Yazdan
AU - Freedberg, Kenneth A.
N1 - Funding Information:
Financial support: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (grants R01 AI42006, K23 AI01794, K25 AI50436, and CFAR 1P30AI42851) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (grant CCU/U64 119525).
PY - 2003/3/1
Y1 - 2003/3/1
N2 - Understanding the natural history of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and opportunistic infections in sub-Saharan Africa is necessary to optimize strategies for the prophylaxis and treatment of opportunistic infections and to understand the likely impact of antiretroviral therapy. We undertook a systematic review of the literature on HIV-1 infection in sub-Saharan Africa to assess data from recent cohorts and selected cross-sectional studies to delineate rates of opportunistic infections, associated CD4 cell counts, and associated mortality. We searched the MEDLINE database and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Cochrane Clinical Trials Register for English-language literature published from 1990 through April 2002. Tuberculosis, bacterial infections, and malaria were identified as the leading causes of HIV-related morbidity across sub-Saharan Africa. Of the few studies that reported CD4 cell counts, the range of cell counts at the time of diagnosis of opportunistic infections was wide. Policies regarding the type and timing of opportunistic infection prophylaxis may be region specific and urgently require further study.
AB - Understanding the natural history of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and opportunistic infections in sub-Saharan Africa is necessary to optimize strategies for the prophylaxis and treatment of opportunistic infections and to understand the likely impact of antiretroviral therapy. We undertook a systematic review of the literature on HIV-1 infection in sub-Saharan Africa to assess data from recent cohorts and selected cross-sectional studies to delineate rates of opportunistic infections, associated CD4 cell counts, and associated mortality. We searched the MEDLINE database and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Cochrane Clinical Trials Register for English-language literature published from 1990 through April 2002. Tuberculosis, bacterial infections, and malaria were identified as the leading causes of HIV-related morbidity across sub-Saharan Africa. Of the few studies that reported CD4 cell counts, the range of cell counts at the time of diagnosis of opportunistic infections was wide. Policies regarding the type and timing of opportunistic infection prophylaxis may be region specific and urgently require further study.
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U2 - 10.1086/367655
DO - 10.1086/367655
M3 - Review article
C2 - 12594648
AN - SCOPUS:0037371389
SN - 1058-4838
VL - 36
SP - 652
EP - 662
JO - Clinical Infectious Diseases
JF - Clinical Infectious Diseases
IS - 5
ER -