TY - JOUR
T1 - Return to work after critical illness
T2 - A systematic review and meta-analysis
AU - Kamdar, Biren B.
AU - Suri, Rajat
AU - Suchyta, Mary R.
AU - Digrande, Kyle F.
AU - Sherwood, Kyla D.
AU - Colantuoni, Elizabeth
AU - Dinglas, Victor D.
AU - Needham, Dale M.
AU - Hopkins, Ramona O.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Author(s) (or their employer(s)). No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
PY - 2020/1/1
Y1 - 2020/1/1
N2 - Background Survivors of critical illness often experience poor outcomes after hospitalisation, including delayed return to work, which carries substantial economic consequences. Objective To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of return to work after critical illness. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Cochrane Library from 1970 to February 2018. Data were extracted, in duplicate, and random-effects meta-regression used to obtain pooled estimates. Results Fifty-two studies evaluated return to work in 10 015 previously employed survivors of critical illness, over a median (IQR) follow-up of 12 (6.25-38.5) months. By 1-3, 12 and 42-60 months' follow-up, pooled return to work prevalence (95% CI) was 36% (23% to 49%), 60% (50% to 69%) and 68% (51% to 85%), respectively (τ 2 =0.55, I 2 =87%, p=0.03). No significant difference was observed based on diagnosis (acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) vs non-ARDS) or region (Europe vs North America vs Australia/New Zealand), but was observed when comparing mode of employment evaluation (in-person vs telephone vs mail). Following return to work, 20%-36% of survivors experienced job loss, 17%-66% occupation change and 5%-84% worsening employment status (eg, fewer work hours). Potential risk factors for delayed return to work include pre-existing comorbidities and post-hospital impairments (eg, mental health). Conclusion Approximately two-thirds, two-fifths and one-third of previously employed intensive care unit survivors are jobless up to 3, 12 and 60 months following hospital discharge. Survivors returning to work often experience job loss, occupation change or worse employment status. Interventions should be designed and evaluated to reduce the burden of this common and important problem for survivors of critical illness. Trial registration number PROSPERO CRD42018093135.
AB - Background Survivors of critical illness often experience poor outcomes after hospitalisation, including delayed return to work, which carries substantial economic consequences. Objective To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of return to work after critical illness. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Cochrane Library from 1970 to February 2018. Data were extracted, in duplicate, and random-effects meta-regression used to obtain pooled estimates. Results Fifty-two studies evaluated return to work in 10 015 previously employed survivors of critical illness, over a median (IQR) follow-up of 12 (6.25-38.5) months. By 1-3, 12 and 42-60 months' follow-up, pooled return to work prevalence (95% CI) was 36% (23% to 49%), 60% (50% to 69%) and 68% (51% to 85%), respectively (τ 2 =0.55, I 2 =87%, p=0.03). No significant difference was observed based on diagnosis (acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) vs non-ARDS) or region (Europe vs North America vs Australia/New Zealand), but was observed when comparing mode of employment evaluation (in-person vs telephone vs mail). Following return to work, 20%-36% of survivors experienced job loss, 17%-66% occupation change and 5%-84% worsening employment status (eg, fewer work hours). Potential risk factors for delayed return to work include pre-existing comorbidities and post-hospital impairments (eg, mental health). Conclusion Approximately two-thirds, two-fifths and one-third of previously employed intensive care unit survivors are jobless up to 3, 12 and 60 months following hospital discharge. Survivors returning to work often experience job loss, occupation change or worse employment status. Interventions should be designed and evaluated to reduce the burden of this common and important problem for survivors of critical illness. Trial registration number PROSPERO CRD42018093135.
KW - ARDS
KW - clinical epidemiology
KW - critical care
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U2 - 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2019-213803
DO - 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2019-213803
M3 - Article
C2 - 31704795
AN - SCOPUS:85074930783
SN - 0040-6376
VL - 75
SP - 17
EP - 27
JO - Thorax
JF - Thorax
IS - 1
ER -