Retinal and choroidal manifestations of toxoplasmosis

Ocular toxoplasmosis is the most prevalent form of infectious posterior uveitis worldwide. Although congenital infections have long been considered to account for most ocular disease, there is now clear evidence that the majority of ocular toxoplasmosis infections are acquired after birth. Following either congenitally or postnatally acquired infection, Toxoplasma gondii may induce a latent disease wherein T. gondii tissue cysts establish residence in various organs, including the eye. These cysts may subsequently rupture, resulting in clinical recurrence. Active ocular toxoplasmosis may occur at any age but is most common during the second through fourth decades of life.