Resection of Isolated Renal Cell Carcinoma Metastases of the Pancreas: Outcomes from the Johns Hopkins Hospital

Purpose: This study aims to assess outcomes and characteristics associated with resection of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) to the pancreas. Materials and Methods: From April 1989 to July 2012, a total of 42 patients underwent resection of pancreatic mRCC at our institution. We retrospectively reviewed records from a prospectively managed database and analyzed patient demographics, comorbidities, perioperative outcomes, and overall survival. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the association between patient-specific factors and overall survival. Results: The mean time from resection of the primary tumor to reoperation for pancreatic mRCC was 11.2 years (range, 0-28.0 years). In total, 17 patients underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy, 16 underwent distal pancreatectomy, and 9 underwent total pancreatectomy. Perioperative complications occurred in 18 (42.9 %) patients; there were two (4.8 %) perioperative mortalities. After pancreatic resection, the median follow-up was 7.0 years (0.1-23.2 years), and median survival was 5.5 years (range, 0.4-21.9). The overall 5-year survival was 51.8 %. On univariate analysis, vascular invasion (hazard ratio, 5.15; p = 0.005) was significantly associated with increased risk of death. Conclusions: Pancreatic resection of mRCC can be safely achieved in the majority of cases and is associated with long-term survival. Specific pathological factors may predict which patients will benefit most from resection.