TY - JOUR
T1 - Relations among prospective memory, cognitive abilities, and brain structure in adolescents who vary in prenatal drug exposure
AU - Robey, Alison
AU - Buckingham-Howes, Stacy
AU - Salmeron, Betty Jo
AU - Black, Maureen M.
AU - Riggins, Tracy
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank the participants for their continued contribution to this longitudinal study; Elliott Stein, Kelsey Cacic, and the Neuroimaging Research Branch of the National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program (NIDA–IRP) for support with data collection and analysis; Prasanna Nair and the FUTURES team for participant recruitment and testing; and Michael Dougherty, Jeffery Chrabaszcz, and the University of Maryland Design and Statistical Analysis Lab (DASL) for assistance with statistical analysis. This research was funded by National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grants R01 DA07432 (P. Nair), R01 DA021059 (M. M. Black), and ISTART DA029113 (T. Riggins) and by NIDA–IRP.
PY - 2014/11
Y1 - 2014/11
N2 - This investigation examined how prospective memory (PM) relates to cognitive abilities (i.e., executive function, attention, working memory, and retrospective memory) and brain structure in adolescents who vary in prenatal drug exposure (PDE). The sample consisted of 105 (55 female and 50 male) urban, primarily African American adolescents (mean age = 15.5. years) from low socioeconomic status (SES) families. Approximately 56% (n= 59) were prenatally exposed to drugs (heroin and/or cocaine) and 44% (n= 46) were not prenatally exposed, but the adolescents were similar in age, gender, race, and SES. Executive functioning, attentional control, working memory, retrospective memory, and overall cognitive ability were assessed by validated performance measures. Executive functioning was also measured by caregiver report. A subset of 52 adolescents completed MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scans, which provided measures of subcortical gray matter volumes and thickness of prefrontal, parietal, and temporal cortices. Results revealed no differences in PM performance by PDE status, even after adjusting for age and IQ. Executive function, retrospective memory, cortical thickness in frontal and parietal regions, and volume of subcortical regions (i.e., putamen and hippocampus) were related to PM performance in the sample overall, even after adjusting for age, IQ, and total gray matter volume. Findings suggest that variations in PM ability during adolescence are robustly related to individual differences in cognitive abilities, in particular executive function and retrospective memory, and brain structure, but do not vary by PDE status.
AB - This investigation examined how prospective memory (PM) relates to cognitive abilities (i.e., executive function, attention, working memory, and retrospective memory) and brain structure in adolescents who vary in prenatal drug exposure (PDE). The sample consisted of 105 (55 female and 50 male) urban, primarily African American adolescents (mean age = 15.5. years) from low socioeconomic status (SES) families. Approximately 56% (n= 59) were prenatally exposed to drugs (heroin and/or cocaine) and 44% (n= 46) were not prenatally exposed, but the adolescents were similar in age, gender, race, and SES. Executive functioning, attentional control, working memory, retrospective memory, and overall cognitive ability were assessed by validated performance measures. Executive functioning was also measured by caregiver report. A subset of 52 adolescents completed MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scans, which provided measures of subcortical gray matter volumes and thickness of prefrontal, parietal, and temporal cortices. Results revealed no differences in PM performance by PDE status, even after adjusting for age and IQ. Executive function, retrospective memory, cortical thickness in frontal and parietal regions, and volume of subcortical regions (i.e., putamen and hippocampus) were related to PM performance in the sample overall, even after adjusting for age, IQ, and total gray matter volume. Findings suggest that variations in PM ability during adolescence are robustly related to individual differences in cognitive abilities, in particular executive function and retrospective memory, and brain structure, but do not vary by PDE status.
KW - Adolescence
KW - Brain structure
KW - Executive functioning
KW - Prenatal drug exposure
KW - Prospective memory
KW - Retrospective memory
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jecp.2014.01.008
DO - 10.1016/j.jecp.2014.01.008
M3 - Article
C2 - 24630759
AN - SCOPUS:84905751789
SN - 0022-0965
VL - 127
SP - 144
EP - 162
JO - Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
JF - Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
ER -