TY - JOUR
T1 - Relation of 24-hour urinary caffeine and caffeine metabolite excretions with self-reported consumption of coffee and other caffeinated beverages in the general population
AU - Petrovic, Dusan
AU - Estoppey Younes, Sandrine
AU - Pruijm, Menno
AU - Ponte, Belén
AU - Ackermann, Daniel
AU - Ehret, Georg
AU - Ansermot, Nicolas
AU - Mohaupt, Markus
AU - Paccaud, Fred
AU - Vogt, Bruno
AU - Pechère-Bertschi, Antoinette
AU - Martin, Pierre Yves
AU - Burnier, Michel
AU - Eap, Chin B.
AU - Bochud, Murielle
AU - Guessous, Idris
N1 - Funding Information:
The SKIPOGH study is supported by a grant from the Swiss national science foundation (FN 33CM30-124087). The funding organization had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of data; and preparation, review or approval of the manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 The Author(s).
PY - 2016/11/17
Y1 - 2016/11/17
N2 - Background: Caffeine intake is generally estimated by self-reported consumption, but it remains unclear how well self-report associates with metabolite urinary excretion. We investigated the associations of self-reported consumption of caffeinated drinks with urinary excretion of caffeine and its major metabolites in an adult population. Methods: We used data from the population-based Swiss Kidney Project on Genes in Hypertension (SKIPOGH) study. Consumption of caffeinated coffee, decaffeinated coffee and other caffeinated beverages was assessed by self-administered questionnaire. Quantification of caffeine, paraxanthine, theobromine and theophylline was performed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in 24-h urine. Association of reported consumption of caffeinated drinks with urinary caffeine derived metabolites was determined by quantile regression. We then explored the association between urinary metabolite excretion and dichotomized weekly consumption frequency of caffeinated coffee, with Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: In the present analysis, we included 598 individuals (52% women, mean age =46 ± 17 years). Self-reported caffeinated coffee intake was positively associated with 24-h urinary excretions of paraxanthine, theophylline and caffeine (p < 0.001), whereas reported intakes of decaffeinated coffee and other caffeinated beverages showed no association. In ROC analysis, optimal discrimination between individuals consuming less than one caffeinated coffee/week, vs. at least one coffee, was obtained for 24-h urinary paraxanthine (Area Under Curve (AUC) = 0.868, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) [0.830;0.906]), with slightly lower performance for theophylline and caffeine, whereas theobromine did not allow any discrimination. Conclusion: Our results suggest that reported consumption of caffeinated coffee is positively associated with 24-h urinary excretion of caffeine, paraxanthine, and theophylline, and may be used as a marker of caffeine intake for epidemiological studies.
AB - Background: Caffeine intake is generally estimated by self-reported consumption, but it remains unclear how well self-report associates with metabolite urinary excretion. We investigated the associations of self-reported consumption of caffeinated drinks with urinary excretion of caffeine and its major metabolites in an adult population. Methods: We used data from the population-based Swiss Kidney Project on Genes in Hypertension (SKIPOGH) study. Consumption of caffeinated coffee, decaffeinated coffee and other caffeinated beverages was assessed by self-administered questionnaire. Quantification of caffeine, paraxanthine, theobromine and theophylline was performed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in 24-h urine. Association of reported consumption of caffeinated drinks with urinary caffeine derived metabolites was determined by quantile regression. We then explored the association between urinary metabolite excretion and dichotomized weekly consumption frequency of caffeinated coffee, with Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: In the present analysis, we included 598 individuals (52% women, mean age =46 ± 17 years). Self-reported caffeinated coffee intake was positively associated with 24-h urinary excretions of paraxanthine, theophylline and caffeine (p < 0.001), whereas reported intakes of decaffeinated coffee and other caffeinated beverages showed no association. In ROC analysis, optimal discrimination between individuals consuming less than one caffeinated coffee/week, vs. at least one coffee, was obtained for 24-h urinary paraxanthine (Area Under Curve (AUC) = 0.868, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) [0.830;0.906]), with slightly lower performance for theophylline and caffeine, whereas theobromine did not allow any discrimination. Conclusion: Our results suggest that reported consumption of caffeinated coffee is positively associated with 24-h urinary excretion of caffeine, paraxanthine, and theophylline, and may be used as a marker of caffeine intake for epidemiological studies.
KW - Caffeine
KW - Paraxanthine
KW - Population-based
KW - Questionnaire
KW - Theophylline
KW - Urinary excretion
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U2 - 10.1186/s12986-016-0144-4
DO - 10.1186/s12986-016-0144-4
M3 - Article
C2 - 27891166
AN - SCOPUS:85002522480
SN - 1743-7075
VL - 13
SP - 1
EP - 9
JO - Nutrition and Metabolism
JF - Nutrition and Metabolism
IS - 1
ER -