Regulation of calcium signaling in lung cancer

Lung cancer is the most common malignant tumor in the world. Calcium is a ubiquitous cellular signal, which is crucial in cancer. This review presents regulation of calcium signaling in lung cancer. Altered expression of specific Ca²⁺ channels and Ca²⁺-binding proteins are characterizing features of lung cancer, which regulate cell signaling pathway leading to cell proliferation or apoptosis. Chemoresistance is frequent in lung cancer. Altered endoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ homeostasis of lung cancer cell is correlated with drug resistance. Hypoxia has a vital role in tumor angiogenesis, metastasis, apoptosis. And Ca²⁺ channels are open induced by hypoxia with the increase of Ca²⁺ influx causing tumor growth.