TY - JOUR
T1 - Reducing cardiovascular disparities through community-engaged implementation research
T2 - A national heart, lung, and blood institute workshop report
AU - Mensah, George A.
AU - Cooper, Richard S.
AU - Siega-Riz, Anna Maria
AU - Cooper, Lisa A.
AU - Smith, Justin D.
AU - Hendricks Brown, C.
AU - Westfall, John M.
AU - Ofili, Elizabeth O.
AU - Price, Leshawndra N.
AU - Arteaga, Sonia
AU - Green Parker, Melissa C.
AU - Nelson, Cheryl R.
AU - Newsome, Bradley J.
AU - Redmond, Nicole
AU - Roper, Rebecca A.
AU - Beech, Bettina M.
AU - Brooks, Jada L.
AU - Furr-Holden, Debra
AU - Gebreab, Samson Y.
AU - Giles, Wayne H.
AU - James, Regina Smith
AU - Lewis, Tené T.
AU - Mokdad, Ali H.
AU - Moore, Kari D.
AU - Ravenell, Joseph E.
AU - Richmond, Al
AU - Schoenberg, Nancy E.
AU - Sims, Mario
AU - Singh, Gopal K.
AU - Sumner, Anne E.
AU - Treviño, Roberto P.
AU - Watson, Karriem S.
AU - Larissa Avilés-Santa, M.
AU - Reis, Jared P.
AU - Pratt, Charlotte A.
AU - Engelgau, Michael M.
AU - Goff, David C.
AU - Pérez-Stable, Eliseo J.
N1 - Funding Information:
Research and training infrastructure, such as the National Research Mentoring Network, provides evidence-based mentor training and mentee career development to diversify biomedical research.115 Short-term training programs, modeled after the NHLBI and Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research–supported Annual Summer Institute on Randomized Behavioral Clinical Trials116 and the NIH-supported Training Institute in Dissemination and Implementation Research in Health,117 may help stimulate interest in further training and launch careers. However, more intensive and extended training will likely be necessary to build skills, especially those related to community engagement. Two such programs are currently funded in dissemination and implementation research but are not supported by NHLBI. They include the Implementation Research Institute, funded by the National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse, and the Department of Veterans Affairs, and the Mentored Training in Dissemination and Implementation Research in Cancer, funded by the National Cancer Institute, the Department of Veterans Affairs, and the Cancer Research Network. Both Training Institute in Dissemination and Implementation Research in Health and the Implementation Research Institute training programs have been shown to increase dissemination and implementation grant submissions and success in obtaining funding.117,118 Unfortunately, available slots in these dissemination and implementation training programs are insufficient to meet demand within the scientific and practitioner community.119 Schools of Public Health may be especially well positioned to provide the required combination of didactic and experiential training. Other opportunities and resources that could be leveraged to support training and career development in advancing implementation research for the elimination of health disparities recommended for NHLBI consideration are shown in Table 7.
Funding Information:
CDC indicates Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; CLIK, Community Leadership Institute of Kentucky; CTSA, Clinical and Translational Science Awards; CURE, Continuing Umbrella of Research Experiences; DrPH, Doctor of Public Health degree; ESI, early-stage investigators; HiSTEP, High School Scientific Training and Enrichment Program; MPH, Master of Public Health degree; MSI, Minority Serving Institution; NCI, National Cancer Institute; NHLBI, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; NIDDK, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; NIH, National Institutes of Health; NIMHD, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; PRIDE, Programs to Increase Diversity Among Individuals Engaged in Health-Related Research; PWI, predominantly white institution; RCMI, Research Centers for Minority Institutions; RISE, Research in Implementation Science for Equity; RWJF, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation; SIP, Summer Internship Program; TIDIRH, Training Institute for Dissemination and Implementation Research in Health; and UCSF, University of California San Francisco. *Workshop participants recommended that NHLBI consider these activities. **Other activities to consider: RWJF Harold Amos Medical Faculty Development Program; University of Washington’s Population Health Initiative; RISE—a PRIDE Program at UCSF; CDC Science Ambassadors; HiSTEP; NIH SIP in Biomedical Research; NCI CURE Program; NIMHD Minority Health and Health Disparities Research Framework; National junior high-school scholars; NIDDK minority access to careers in science.
PY - 2018/1
Y1 - 2018/1
N2 - Cardiovascular disparities remain pervasive in the United States. Unequal disease burden is evident among population groups based on sex, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, educational attainment, nativity, or geography. Despite the significant declines in cardiovascular disease mortality rates in all demographic groups during the last 50 years, large disparities remain by sex, race, ethnicity, and geography. Recent data from modeling studies, linked micromap plots, and small-Area analyses also demonstrate prominent variation in cardiovascular disease mortality rates across states and counties, with an especially high disease burden in the southeastern United States and Appalachia. Despite these continued disparities, few large-scale intervention studies have been conducted in these high-burden populations to examine the feasibility of reducing or eliminating cardiovascular disparities. To address this challenge, on June 22 and 23, 2017, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute convened experts from a broad range of biomedical, behavioral, environmental, implementation, and social science backgrounds to summarize the current state of knowledge of cardiovascular disease disparities and propose intervention strategies aligned with the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute mission. This report presents the themes, challenges, opportunities, available resources, and recommended actions discussed at the workshop.
AB - Cardiovascular disparities remain pervasive in the United States. Unequal disease burden is evident among population groups based on sex, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, educational attainment, nativity, or geography. Despite the significant declines in cardiovascular disease mortality rates in all demographic groups during the last 50 years, large disparities remain by sex, race, ethnicity, and geography. Recent data from modeling studies, linked micromap plots, and small-Area analyses also demonstrate prominent variation in cardiovascular disease mortality rates across states and counties, with an especially high disease burden in the southeastern United States and Appalachia. Despite these continued disparities, few large-scale intervention studies have been conducted in these high-burden populations to examine the feasibility of reducing or eliminating cardiovascular disparities. To address this challenge, on June 22 and 23, 2017, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute convened experts from a broad range of biomedical, behavioral, environmental, implementation, and social science backgrounds to summarize the current state of knowledge of cardiovascular disease disparities and propose intervention strategies aligned with the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute mission. This report presents the themes, challenges, opportunities, available resources, and recommended actions discussed at the workshop.
KW - Cardiovascular diseases
KW - Community-based participatory research
KW - Geography
KW - Social class
KW - Social determinants of health
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U2 - 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.312243
DO - 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.312243
M3 - Article
C2 - 29348251
AN - SCOPUS:85045885254
VL - 122
SP - 213
EP - 230
JO - Circulation Research
JF - Circulation Research
SN - 0009-7330
IS - 2
ER -