TY - JOUR
T1 - Recruitment for phase II of the trials of hypertension prevention. Effective strategies and predictors of randomization
AU - Hollis, Jack F.
AU - Satterfield, Suzanne
AU - Smith, Fraser
AU - Fouad, Mona
AU - Scott Allender, P.
AU - Borhani, Nemat
AU - Charleston, Jeanne
AU - Hirlinger, Margo
AU - King, Nancy
AU - Schultz, Robert
AU - Sousoulas, Beverly Goodwin
N1 - Funding Information:
From the Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, OR U.F.H.); University ofTennessee (S.S., B.G.S.); Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (F.S., N.B.); University of Alabama at Birmingham (M.F.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (P.S.A.); Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD U.C.); St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (M.H.); University of Mississippi, Jackson, MS (N.K.); New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ (R.S.). Address reprint requests to: Jack F. Hollis, PhD, Center for Health Research, 3800 N. Kaiser Center Drive, Portland, OR 97227-1098. Received July 1, 1994; accepted September 13, 1994.
Funding Information:
Phase II of the Trials of Hypertension Prevention was supported by cooperative aggreements HL37849, HL37852, HL37853, I-IL.37854, HL37884, HL37899, HL37904, HL37906, HL37907, and HLI7%?4 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
PY - 1995/3
Y1 - 1995/3
N2 - Phase II of the Trials of Hypertension Prevention is a multicenter, randamized, controlled trial designed to determine the efficacy of weight loss and reduction of sodium intake for lowering blood pressure and incidence of hypertension among persons with high-normal levels of blood pressure. The 2 × 2 factorial study design includes weight loss alone, restricted sodium intake alone, the combination of weight loss and sodium restriction, and a control group. Nine clinical centers used a variety of recruitment strategies to enroll 2382 participants over 17 months, which exceeded the sample size goal of 2250. Among randomized participants, 21% were minorities and 34% were women. Overall, direct mail generated the most randomized participants (73%), followed by community screening (12%) and media advertisement (11%). Referrals from community health care providers yielded few participants, Prescreening improved overall efficiency and reduced costs. Participants who were more likely to drop out voluntarily during the three-visit screening regimen tended to be younger, single, male, smokers, and less educated.
AB - Phase II of the Trials of Hypertension Prevention is a multicenter, randamized, controlled trial designed to determine the efficacy of weight loss and reduction of sodium intake for lowering blood pressure and incidence of hypertension among persons with high-normal levels of blood pressure. The 2 × 2 factorial study design includes weight loss alone, restricted sodium intake alone, the combination of weight loss and sodium restriction, and a control group. Nine clinical centers used a variety of recruitment strategies to enroll 2382 participants over 17 months, which exceeded the sample size goal of 2250. Among randomized participants, 21% were minorities and 34% were women. Overall, direct mail generated the most randomized participants (73%), followed by community screening (12%) and media advertisement (11%). Referrals from community health care providers yielded few participants, Prescreening improved overall efficiency and reduced costs. Participants who were more likely to drop out voluntarily during the three-visit screening regimen tended to be younger, single, male, smokers, and less educated.
KW - Hypertension
KW - clinical trial
KW - prevention
KW - recruitment
KW - sodium
KW - weight
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U2 - 10.1016/1047-2797(94)00058-2
DO - 10.1016/1047-2797(94)00058-2
M3 - Article
C2 - 7795832
AN - SCOPUS:0028949552
SN - 1047-2797
VL - 5
SP - 140
EP - 148
JO - Annals of epidemiology
JF - Annals of epidemiology
IS - 2
ER -